Ancient Greece
What is the name for an independent Greek community made up of a city and its surrounding land?
City-state
Which Greek city-state was famous for its powerful army and strict military training?
Sparta
Which powerful empire attempted to invade and conquer Greece?
Persian Empire
What famous temple was built on Acropolis in Athens?
The Parthenon
Which Greek physician is remembered as the Father of Medicine?
Hippocrates
What two famous epic poems were written by Homer?
The Iliad and The Odyssey
At what age did Spartan boys begin military training?
Who was the Persian King who sent an army to attack Athens after the Ionian revolt?
Darius
Who was the influential leader of Athens during much of its Golden Age?
Pericles
Which Greek philosopher taught students by asking them questions?
Socrates
What sea did the ancient Greeks use for travel, trade, and establishing colonies?
Mediterranean Sea
What type of government allowed Athenian citizens to vote directly on laws?
Direct democracy
At which battle did the Greeks defeat a much larger Persian army under the leadership of Miltiades?
Battle of Marathon
What were the two main types of drama developed by Greek playwrights?
Comedy and tragedy
Which student of Socrates wrote the Republic and The Apology of Socrates?
Plato
Why was farming difficult in much of Ancient Greece?
The land was mountainous
Which Athenian leader ended debt slavery and helped improve life for poor citizens?
Solon
What Spartan king led 300 Spartans and their allies in defending. narrow mountain pass?
Leonidas
What was the name of the long war fought between Athens and Sparta?
The Peloponnesian War
Which philosopher studied the world through observation and logical reasoning?
Aristotle
What term describes the Greek culture that spread throughout Alexander's conquered territories?
Hellenistic culture
What Athenian reformer reorganized the city into ten tribes and established the council of 500?
Cleisthenes
What important advantage helped the Greek fleet defeat the Persians at the Battle of Salamis?
Smaller, maneuverable ships
What two major problems weakened Athens during the Peloponnesian War and contributed to its eventual defeat?
The deadly plague and the disastrous military expedition to Sicily (Syracuse)
What happened to Alexander the Great's empire after his death in 323 BC?
It was divided into smaller kingdoms.