Vocabulary
An economically and politically independent area that included a city and the surrounding villages, fields, and orchards
city-state
This group of people were considered the lowest in society and not even included in the caste system. They had the worst jobs that no one else could do.
untouchables
This trade route helped China trade with other civilizations.
Silk Road
Name two city-states in ancient Greece.
Athens, Sparta, many others
Rome was first built on this river.
Tiber River
Seasonal winds that affect the weather in India
monsoons
The early river valley people who built complex and organized cities with toilets in the houses
Harappans
Why was the Yellow River called 'China's Sorrow'?
it often flooded, destroying farmland, crops, and villages, and killing many people
Which aspect of the geography of ancient Greece made it hard for the city states to communicate and exchange ideas?
mountains
Explain what aqueducts were used for.
Carrying fresh water to areas with large populations.
A member of a city state who could vote, participate in government, own property, and fight in the military
citizen
Why did the Indus Valley Civilization disappear?
no one knows for sure
Explain how China's geography affected its relationships with other early civilizations.
Mountains, deserts, and the ocean kept China isolated from other civilizations for a long time, causing China to develop with its own ideas.
Which king of Macedonia finally conquered all of the city states and united them under his control?
King Philip II
imperialism, aqueducts, roads, architecture
What is imperialism?
One nation or group of people expanded its territory by conquering many different groups
Explain how Hinduism and the caste system supported each other in ancient India.
The caste system divided society into different levels, with different rights and responsibilities. Religious leaders were at the top of the caste system. Hinduism gave the rules for each caste, and taught that if you were good in your caste, you could be reincarnated into a better caste in your next life.
List three specific landforms in China.
Gobi Desert, Tibetan Plateau, Himalayan Mountains, Taklimakan Desert
Explain what made the structure of ancient Greece different from the structure of the other ancient civilizations we have learned about.
The mountains made it difficult for different city-states to communicate and trade, so each city-states developed its own culture and economy, and ruled itself. Greece wasn't combined as a larger civilization until Philip II united all the city-states under his control.
Explain how Roman achievements helped Christianity to spread.
Imperialism built a large, connected empire. Roads gave Christians the opportunity to travel and take their message from one city to another.
Explain how a dynasty works. Which ancient civilization was famous for its dynasties?
a type of government where one family rules an area for a long period of time
Rulers are usually kings or emperors
Rule is usually passed to the oldest son
Ancient China
List and explain two religions that started in ancient India.
Hinduism - many gods, supported the caste system, believed that when you die, you reincarnate and are born again into a different level of society
Buddhism - all about how to end suffering and achieve nirvana (become one with the universe)
Explain who ancestors were and why they were important to ancient Chinese.
The Chinese honored these relatives who lived before and believed they were the connection to past, present, and future.
Explain the relationship between Greek city-states. What did they have in common? How were they different?
They all shared the same religion and language. They had different forms of government, different lifestyles, and their own economies.
List and explain the three stages of government in ancient Rome.
Republic - led by democracy, where the citizens voted to make decisions
Empire - led by a strong emperor with complete control