Energy
What is the term for the energy an object has due to its motion?
Kinetic Energy
What is an abiotic and biotic factor?
Abiotic: Never living
What is biodiversity?
A variety of organisms in an ecosystem.
What is salinity? How does it affect density?
The amount of salt in water. As you increase salinity you increase density- this causes currents!
Why does water vapor turn into clouds (evaporation to condensation)
warm air is good at holding onto water vapor, when it rises it cools and condenses back into water.
What type of energy is dependent on position or height?
Gravitational Potential Energy
How much energy is passed between each level in the energy pyramid?
Where does the other energy go?
10%
Its lost as heat
Which is more biodiverse- food chains or food webs? Why?
Food webs- if something happens to one organism the other levels still have other food sources and can survive.
Where do warm air masses come from? Where do cold air masses come from?
Warm from the equator and rises to the poles. Cold from the poles and sinks to the equator.
What steps of the water cycle require gravity? (2)
Precipitation and run-off
Conduction: Transfer of thermal energy through direct contact.
Convection: Transfer of thermal energy in a circular pattern in liquid or a gas.
Radiation: Transfer of thermal energy through waves.
What are the three symbiotic relationships? Briefly explain them.
Mutualism: Both organism's benefit
Commensalism: One organism benefits, the other is neither helped nor harmed.
Parasitism: One organism benefits, the other is harmed.
What are the four weather fronts? Explain the weather they bring
1) Cold front: Thunderstorms
2) Warm Front: Gentle rain
3) Occluded front: Strong winds/heavy precipitation
4) Stationary front: Fog/clouds, gentle rain
How does the earth/ air get warmed?
The sun heats the Earth's surface through radiation, the surface heats the air through conduction. The warm air rises, cools becomes more dense sinks and warms again (convection).
What is denser? Hot things or cold things? Tell me about the kinetic energy
Cold- the particles are more tightly packed. They move slow and close together. They have less kinetic energy
What type of energy is stored in a stretched or compressed spring?
Elastic Potential Energy
Producers (Autotrophs)
Primary Consumers (Heterotrophs)
Secondary consumers (Heterotrophs)
Tertiary consumers (Heterotrophs)
What is a high pressure and low pressure system?
High pressure= Happy weather; cooler air and clear skies
Low pressure= lousy weather: warm and wet/stormy
What is the a low pressure system? What type of weather foes it bring?
An area of warm/humid air. It brings warm, wet, lousy/stormy weather.
What is a renewable and nonrenewable resource?
Renewable resources: Can be remade in a usable lifetime (Wind power)
Non-renewable resources: Takes millions of years to reproduce, cannot make more in a usable time period. (Oil, coal, etc)
No- you cannot create or destroy energy- it can only change forms!
Analyze the impact of a decrease in primary producers on the entire energy pyramid.
A decrease in primary producers can lead to a collapse of the energy pyramid, as all higher trophic levels depend on producers for energy.
What is a jet stream?
A fast band of wind that moves one direction- it pushes air masses around.
How do ocean currents influence the weather of a region?
Warm ocean currents= More evaporation, higher humidity, higher temperatures, higher precipitation.
Cold ocean currents= Less evaporation, lower humidity, more stable temperatures, less precipitation
What is a downside to using nonrenewable resources?
They are not sustainable- the supply is decreasing. They may also contribute to pollution. They emit more greenhouse gasses (CO2) and cause the atmosphere to trap more heat