Unit 1
The form of symbiosis where one species benefits and the other is harmed.
What is parasitism?
The term applied to species whose activities have a particularly significant role in determining community structure. An example is the wolves in Yellowstone.
What are keystone species?
This is the term used to describe the amount of individuals an ecosystem and its resources can support in a population.
What is carrying capacity?
The layer of the atmosphere where the ozone layer occurs.
What is the stratosphere?
This method of irrigation is the most efficient, but also can be the most costly.
What is drip irrigation?
The major, natural process that removes carbon from the atmosphere to build biomass in plants.
What is photosynthesis?
The type of succession that starts from soil.
What is secondary succession?
A rapidly growing population will have have an age structure diagram with this shape.
What is a pyramid?
The type of boundary where subduction occurs.
What is convergent?
Mechanization, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), fertilization, irrigation, and the use of pesticides were introduced during this agricultural revolution.
What is the Green Revolution?
The major reservoir for nitrogen in the environment.
What is the atmosphere?
The three types of biodiversity.
What are genetic, species, and habitat?
This is the replacement level fertility for a country.
What is 2.1?
This latitude on Earth that receives 24-hour sunlight from March 21 to September 23.
What is the 90N?
This method of raising cattle is the most cost-efficient, but creates a lot of organic waste that can contaminate groundwater.
What are CAFOs (Confined Animal Feedlot Operations)?
The two elements found in fertilizer that can be transported by runoff from lawns and farms into bodies of water.
What are nitrogen and phosphorus?
An island with the most biodiversity, according to the theory of island biogeography, would be this size and located this distance from the mainland.
What is large and close?
70/percent growth rate
What is doubling time equation or Rule of 70?
The percentage of the atmosphere that is nitrogen.
Drawbacks of this method of raising fish include increased risk of disease and potential of fish escaping and interbreeding with wild fish, thereby decreasing biodiversity.
What is aquaculture?
The rate of energy storage by photosynthesizers in a given area, after subtracting the energy lost to respiration.
What is Net Primary Productivity (NPP)?
Examples of this ecosystem service include hiking, bird watching, and spiritual reflection.
What is cultural?
This type of species tend to be invasive species with a Type III survivorship curve.
What are r-selected species?
These are the two natural processes that can erode soil.
What are wind and water?
Methods used in this technique include biological, physical, and limited chemical methods such as biocontrol, intercropping, crop rotation, and natural predators of the pests.
What is Integrated Pest Management?
The order of processes in the nitrogen cycle from atmosphere, through the soil, and back into the atmosphere. (Hint: 3 processes should be listed)
What is nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification?
This term refers to the range of conditions, such as temperature, salinity, flow rate, and sunlight that an organism can endure before injury or death results.
What is ecological tolerance?
This term refers to the maximum reproductive rate of a population in ideal conditions.
What is biotic potential?
The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in parts per million.
What is 430 ppm?
This method of agriculture was used to clear rainforest in the Amazon in Brazil to create space for livestock grazing.
What is slash and burn farming?