FOUNDATIONS OF GOVERNMENT
This was America’s first constitution, but it created a weak national government.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
This compromise created the House by population and the Senate with equal representation.
What is the Connecticut Compromise?
This clause says federal law overrides conflicting state law.
What is the Supremacy Clause?
This type of ad focuses on emotions, values, and identity.
What is a soft sell ad?
This California election system advances the top two candidates regardless of party.
What is the top-two primary?
This uprising showed that the Articles of Confederation were too weak.
What is Shays’ Rebellion?
This Federalist Paper argues that large republics control factions best.
What is Federalist No. 10?
This clause allows Congress to make laws that are “necessary and proper.”
What is the Elastic Clause?
This type of ad directly discusses policies and issues.
What is a hard sell ad?
This direct democracy tool allows citizens to place laws directly on the ballot.
What is an initiative?
This means legitimate power recognized as valid.
What is authority?
This Federalist Paper says “ambition must counteract ambition.”
What is Federalist No. 51?
These are powers specifically listed in the Constitution for Congress.
What are enumerated powers?
This famous 1964 ad implied nuclear war without naming Goldwater.
What is the Daisy Spot?
This direct democracy tool removes an elected official before their term ends.
What is a recall?
This means the ability to force behavior, even without legitimacy.
What is power?
This constitutional principle means power comes from the people.
What is popular sovereignty?
These are powers reserved for the states under the 10th Amendment.
What are reserved powers?
This Supreme Court case allowed unlimited independent political spending.
What is Citizens United v. FEC?
This California system separately elects multiple executive officials.
What is the plural executive?
This problem occurs when people act in self-interest and hurt the group outcome.
What is a collective action problem?
This constitutional principle divides power among three branches.
What is separation of powers?
This system divides power between national and state governments.
What is federalism?
These organizations can raise unlimited money independently but cannot coordinate with campaigns.
What are Super PACs?
This gubernatorial power allows California governors to veto specific parts of budget bills.
What is the line-item veto?