Vocabulary
Text Structure
Main Idea
Figurative Language
Essay Writing
100
When it started storming, I found refuge under a garage. What does the word refuge mean in the sentence?
protection or shelter
100
What is a text structure?
A pattern of organization an author intentionally uses
100
What is the difference between a main idea and a supporting detail?
The main idea is what the passage is mostly about. Supporting details give examples to support the main idea.
100
What is the difference between a simile and a metaphor?
A simile is a comparison using the words "like" or "as." A metaphor is a more direct comparison using the words "is" or "are."
100
What are the sequence of paragraphs that belong in an essay?
Introduction, Body Paragraphs, Conclusion
200
The treacherous hike included many roots and tree branches as well as quick sand. What does the word treacherous mean in the sentence?
hazardous or dangerous
200
Dinosaurs existed about 250 million years ago to 65 million years ago. This era is broken up into three periods known as the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The Triassic Period lasted for 35 million years from 250-205 million years ago. Planet Earth was a very different place back then. All the continents were united to form one huge land mass known as Pangaea. The Jurassic Period was the second phase. The continents began shifting apart. The time scale for this famous period is from 205 to 138 million years ago. The Cretaceous Period was the last period of the dinosaurs. It spanned a time from 138 million to about 65 million years ago. In this period the continents fully separated. However, Australia and Antarctica were still united. What text structure is used in the passage?
Sequence of events or chronological order
200
July 20, 1969 was an exciting day. This was the day the first astronauts stepped onto the moon. As the Apollo rocket circled the moon, a craft called the Eagle landed. The world watched on TV as the doors opened. Astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped down the ladder onto the dusty surface of the moon. "That's one small step for man; one giant leap for mankind," he said. With these famous words, the first man took the first steps on the surface of the moon. What is the main idea of this paragraph?
Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon in 1969.
200
What is personification? Give an example.
Personification is when an author gives human characteristics to something that is not human.
200
What sentences belong in the introduction paragraph of an essay AND which is the most important?
Hook Preview Thesis- the most important!
300
I revive my dry skin by putting on moisturizing cream at night. What does the word revive mean in the sentence AND what is the part of speech?
A verb meaning to bring back to life
300
There are many theories about why the dinosaurs vanished from the planet. One theory that many people believe is that a gigantic meteorite smashed into the Earth. Scientists believe that the meteorite was very big and that the impact may have produced a large dust cloud that covered the Earth for many years. The dust cloud may have caused plants to not receive sunlight and the large plant eaters, or herbivores, may have died off, followed by the large meat eaters, or carnivores. This theory may or may not be true, but it is one explanation as to why these giant reptiles no longer inhabit the Earth. What text structure is used in the passage?
Cause= meteorite Effect= dinosaurs go extinct
300
You might not know what a mascot is, but you've probably seen one. Some mascots are for products. Tony the Tiger is an example. He sells cereal. Schools also have mascots. Baseball teams, hockey teams and other sports teams have mascots. A mascot helps get the crowd involved. They entertain the crowd when the players are not playing. Mascots are fun! What is the main idea of the paragraph?
Mascots are commonly used for products, schools, and sports teams.
300
What is the difference between a literal meaning and a figurative meaning? Give an example.
Literal meaning= exactly what the words say Figurative meaning= a creative meaning different from what the words suggest Example= She stabbed me in the back. (Literal= she put a sharp object into your body Figurative= she betrayed you)
300
For every passage you read, or for every detail in your thesis statement, what do you add to your essay?
A new body paragraph
400
The frigid girl grabbed her coat and slammed the door behind her. What are two possible meanings for frigid in the sentence AND what is the part of speech?
An adjective meaning cold or unfriendly
400
All matter, all things can be changed in two ways: chemically and physically. Both chemical and physical changes affect the state of matter. Physical changes are those that do not change the make-up or identity of the matter. For example, clay will bend or flatten if squeezed, but it will still be clay. Chemical changes turn the matter into a new kind of matter with different properties. For example, when paper is burnt, it becomes ash and will never be paper again. The difference between them is that physical changes are temporary or only last for a little while, and chemical changes are permanent, which means they last forever. Physical and chemical changes both affect the state of matter. What text structure is used in the passage?
Compare= both affect the state of matter Contrast= Physical changes do not change the make up of matter and Chemical changes do
400
Global warming is a topic that has been causing a lot of arguments lately. Some scientists say that temperatures around the globe have been rising because of all the pollution humans have let into the air. Others say that temperatures around the globe naturally rise every few thousand years. They say that it is not the fault of humans at all. People cannot seem to agree on the cause. Whatever the case, however, rising temperatures are causing glaciers around the world to melt. The lives of plants and animals are in danger. What is the main idea AND one supporting detail in the paragraph?
Main idea= The cause of global warming is debatable. Supporting detail= Global warming is caused by the pollution of humans. Supporting detail= Global warming naturally occurs every few thousand years.
400
Alone in his library, Mr. Ames sat down to read a book he had long anticipated. His library was a cozy spot, with a crackling fire and a comfortable chair, but as Mr. Ames began to read, he was distracted by the haunting wind and the whispers of the trees. What type of figurative language is used in the passage?
Personification "haunting wind" "whispers of the trees"
400
You have read a passage from “The Wild Horses of Teague Island,” “Wild Ponies of Teague,” and "Teague Ponies Make Annual Swim.” Think about the illustrations from the passages and how they help the reader learn more about the ponies. Write an essay explaining what can be learned from the illustrations about the lives of the ponies described in the passages. Include details from all three sources in your explanation. Use the essay prompt to write a preview sentence AND the restate of a thesis statement.
Preview= I have read a passage from “The Wild Horses of Teague Island,” “Wild Ponies of Teague,” and "Teague Ponies Make Annual Swim” which all used illustrations to help me learn more about ponies. Thesis= What can be learned from the illustrations about the lives of the ponies is:
500
My cookies did not turn out well because I did not use a measuring cup when I gauged my ingredients. What does the word gauge mean in the sentence AND what is the part of speech?
A verb meaning to measure or to estimate
500
Dr. Miller doesn’t want the tigers to vanish. These majestic beasts are disappearing at an alarming rate. Dr. Miller thinks that we should write to our congress people. If we let them know that we demand the preservation of this species, maybe we can make a difference. Dr. Miller also thinks that we should donate to Save the Tigers. Our donations will help to support and empower those who are fighting the hardest to preserve the tigers. We owe it to our grandchildren to do something. What text structure is used in the passage?
Problem= tigers are becoming extinct Solution= write to congress and demand preservation, also donate to Save the Tigers
500
On October 11, 1910, Theodore Roosevelt became the first president to fly in a plane. The flight took place after Roosevelt's last term as president. The plane had been built by the Wright brothers. The plane was flown by Arch Huxley for about four minutes. Roosevelt and Huxley took off from Kinloch Field in St. Louis, Missouri. Today, that field is home to that city's major airport. It was a magnificent day for the President because he was the first leader of his status to fly in a plane. He made history. What is the main idea AND a supporting detail in the paragraph?
Main idea= Roosevelt made history by being the first president to fly in a plane. Supporting detail= The flight was on October 11, 1910. Supporting detail= The plane was flown by Arch Huxley. Supporting detail= The plane took off from Kinloch Field in St. Louis, Missouri.
500
Do you ever feel like a plastic bag Drifting through the wind, wanting to start again? Do you ever feel, feel so paper thin Like a house of cards, one blow from caving in? What type of figurative language does the song use AND what does each example mean?
Similes "like" a plastic bag- means drifting with no purpose, or unwanted "like" a house of cards- means easy to destroy, or unstable
500
In both “The Rescue of the Tin Woodman” and “Arriving at Emerald City,” Dorothy has interesting adventures that reveal her character. Based on her words and actions in both passages, describe two of Dorothy’s qualities. Think about the person that Dorothy is. How do those qualities affect her adventures? Support your response with details from both passages. Write a preview sentence AND a restate for a thesis statement using the essay prompt.
Preview= I have read “The Rescue of the Tin Woodman” and “Arriving at Emerald City,” and in both Dorothy has interesting adventures that reveal her character. Thesis= Based on her words and actions in both passages, two of Dorothy’s qualities are:
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