Reconstruction
This amendment to the Constitution officially ended slavery in the United States.
The 13th Amendment
This massive construction project connected the Atlantic and Pacific coasts by rail in 1869.
The Transcontinental Railroad
These journalists exposed corruption and social problems in society to push for change.
Muckrakers
This was a 1920s movement where African American art, music, and literature flourished in New York City.
The Harlem Renaissance
This was the name of the set of government programs and laws created by FDR to provide relief, recovery, and reform.
New Deal
This government agency was set up to help former slaves and poor whites by providing food, clothing, and schools.
The Freedmen's Bureau
This term describes a big business that has total control over an entire industry, leaving no room for competition.
A monopoly
This author wrote The Jungle, which exposed the gross and unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry.
Upton Sinclair
This style of music, featuring improvisation and instruments like the saxophone and trumpet, became the most popular sound of the 1920s.
Jazz
This environmental disaster in the 1930s was caused by severe drought and poor farming practices, leading to massive wind storms across the Great Plains.
The Dust Bowl
This amendment granted citizenship to all people born in the U.S. and guaranteed "equal protection under the laws."
The 14th Amendment
This business tycoon gained a monopoly over the oil industry through his company, Standard Oil.
John D. Rockefeller
This President was known as a "Trust-buster" for breaking up big business monopolies to protect consumers.
Theodore Roosevelt
During WWI and the 1920s, thousands of African Americans moved from the South to Northern cities for factory jobs.
The Great Migration?
This President was elected in 1932 and promised a "New Deal" to help Americans during the Great Depression.
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
This President was the first in U.S. history to be impeached after he clashed with Radical Republicans over Reconstruction.
Andrew Johnson
This 1887 law tried to force Native Americans to assimilate by breaking up tribal lands into individual family farms.
The Dawes Act
Ratified in 1920, this Constitutional Amendment finally gave women the right to vote.
The 19th Amendment
This term was used to describe the young women of the 1920s who wore short skirts, bobbed their hair, and listened to jazz.
Flappers
This event happened in October 1929 when stock prices fell sharply, marking the start of the Great Depression.
The Stock Market Crash
Reconstruction ended in 1877 when federal troops were removed from the South following this political agreement.
The Compromise of 1877
Mark Twain used this term to describe an era that looked golden on the outside but was filled with corruption and poverty underneath.
The Gilded Age
Passed in 1906, this law required food and medicine to be accurately labeled and free of harmful ingredients.
The Pure Food and Drug Act
This era was created by the 18th Amendment, which made it illegal to make or sell alcohol in the U.S.
Prohibition
This New Deal program hired young men to work on environmental projects like planting trees and building trails in national parks.
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)