1
What is the term for two alleles that are the same (e.g., AA or aa)?
homozygous
What type of behavior is inherited rather than learned?
innate
Sexual reproduction combines genetic material from how many parents?
two
What is it called when pollen lands on the female structure of a flower of the same species?
pollination
Name two types of factors that affect the growth of animals (one inherited, one from environment).
Genetic (inherited) factors and environmental factors.
What is the growth of a plant toward light called?
phototropism
What is the asexual process where a new organism grows on the body of its parent (seen in yeast and hydra)?
budding
What word describes how an organism reacts to other organisms or to its environment?
behavior
When offspring develop from only one parent, what type of reproduction is this?
asexual reproduction
Give one advantage of sexual reproduction mentioned in the study guide.
It produces genetic variation among offspring, increasing chances of survival.
What do you call different forms of a gene (for example, tall vs. short)?
allele
What is the response of a plant to touch called?
Thigmotropism
What is the physical appearance of a trait called?
phenotype
True or False? Crossing two heterozygous guinea pigs (Bb × Bb) gives a 50% chance of offspring with black fur if black (B) is dominant over white (b). Explain your answer. (go draw a Punnett square on the board)
false its 75% not 50%
Go to the board and draw a Punnett Square for this scenario: In cats, yellow eyes (Y) are dominant over green eyes (y). A heterozygous cat is crossed with a homozygous recessive cat
What percentage of the offspring will have yellow eyes?
50%
What type of behavior develops through experience or practice?
learned behavior
When offspring inherit half their DNA from each parent, this leads to what among offspring?
Genetic variation
What is a plant’s response to gravity called?
gravitropism
What is a section of a chromosome that contains the genetic information for one trait?
gene
In a certain fish, striped scales (S) are dominant over plain scales (s). Two fish that are both heterozygous are crossed.
What percentage of the offspring will have plain scales?
25%
What is the cell called that forms when an egg and sperm join?
zygote
What term describes the passing of traits from parents to offspring?
heredity
When an offspring grows from a piece of its parent (common in starfish and some plants), what is that called?
regeneration
Offspring produced by asexual reproduction inherit all their DNA from how many parents?
one
In lizards, long tails (L) are dominant over short tails (l). A heterozygous lizard is crossed with a homozygous dominant lizard . What percentage of the offspring will show the recessive trait (short tail)?
0%