The Model & Levels
If you are "talking to yourself" in your own mind about what to wear to school today, you are engaging in this most frequently used level of communication.
What is intrapersonal Communication
This is the purely physical, natural process of receiving sound waves.
What is Hearing?
This technical term refers to the fear or anxiety one experiences when speaking in front of others
This form of nonverbal communication involves clothing and grooming and is the primary factor in how people respond to what they first see
What is Appearance?
To be defined as a true "group," a small number of people must identify and interact with one another based on these three specific criteria
What are a common interest, a bond, and a goal?
This level involves a speaker delivering a message to an audience—such as a Principal speaking at an assembly—where the listener's primary role is to act as an evaluator.
What is One-to-Group Communication?
Unlike a physical reaction, this is a psychological process that requires brain activity to receive sound and interpret its meaning
What is Listening?
This specific biological substance is released into the bloodstream during the "Fight, Flight, Freeze, or Fawn" response to a perceived threat
What is Adrenaline?
If a leader gives a supportive pat on the back, they are communicating through this specific nonverbal form.
What is Haptics?
These are the three modes of persuasion established by Aristotle: an appeal to credibility, an appeal to logic, and an appeal to emotion
What are Ethos, Logos, and Pathos?
Within the communication process, this term identifies the specific space or medium (such as spoken words or digital media) through which a message is transmitted
What is the Channel?
This phenomenon explains why minds wander; it is the difference between the 400 words per minute the brain can process and the 150 words per minute the average person speaks
What is the Rate Gap?
In the context of public speaking, this is defined as how you see the audience, how you see the speech, and how you see yourself.
What is Perception?
This form of nonverbal communication includes vocal elements such as pitch, volume, and tone, but excludes the actual words spoken
What is Paralinguistics?
This phenomenon results in poor decision-making because group members have a stronger desire to agree with one another than to solve problems.
What is Groupthink?
This form of interference is defined specifically as a short-term interruption, unlike its long-term counterpart known as a barrier
What is Noise?
This specific type of listening is utilized when a person listens to understand the feelings and emotions of the sender rather than just the data.
What is Empathetic Listening?
Whether you are the victim of a "snake prank" or standing at a podium, this part of the "emotional brain" sends signals to protect you from danger.
What is the Amygdala?
This is the study of how we use space, a discipline that contributes to the fact that nonverbal elements make up over 90% of all communication
What is Proxemics?
This leadership style is characterized by a leader who effectively "gives up" power to the group, allowing members to function with little to no direction
What is Laissez-faire?
When a receiver nods or replies to a sender, they are providing this component of the communication process, which assures the sender the message was correctly received
What is Feedback?
This list constitutes four of the "7 Deadly Habits of Bad Listening" that prevent effective message reception.
What are criticizing the speaker, faking attention, tolerating distractions, and over-analyzing?
This comprehensive list of ten attributes—including Content, Organization, Notes, Friendliness, and Impression—is known as this framework for controlling nerves
What are the Planks of Confidence? (Full list: Content, Organization, Notes, Friendliness, Impression, Dedication, Empathy, Newness, Conviction, and Enthusiasm)
While the Western meaning of this hand signal is "Peace" or "Victory," in the UK and Australia it is considered a highly offensive insult if the palm is facing inward
What is the V-Sign?
This non-positive group role is held by an individual who is disruptive and hinders the group's ability to reach its goal
What is an Agitator?