Biomolecules and Enzymes
This macromolecule makes up proteins
What is an amino acid?
Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles and this core structure.
What is a Nucleus?
Light energy fuels photosynthesis to occur in this organelle.
What are chloroplasts?
During this phase of the cell cycle, a cell replicates its DNA prior to division.
What is Interphase (S-phase)?
According to Chargaff's rules, in DNA, Cytosine always pairs with this complementary base.
What is Guanine?
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering this specific type of required energy.
What is Activation Energy?
Known as the powerhouse of the cell, this organelle generates most cellular ATP.
What is the Mitochondrion?
In addition to sunlight, photosynthesis requires these two reactants.
What is water and carbon dioxide?
In this phase of mitosis, chromosomes align along the middle equator of the cell.
What is Metaphase?
A genetic trait that requires two copies of the allele to be expressed is referred to as this.
What is Recessive?
High heat or extreme pH changes alter an enzyme's active site, causing it to lose function through this process.
What is Denaturation?
The cell membrane is composed of a double layer of these molecules, with hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.
What are Phospholipids?
Plants and animals both undergo cellular respiration as they both have this organelle.
What is a mitochondria?
Uncontrolled cell growth and division caused by mutations in cell cycle regulators lead to this condition.
What is Cancer?
This cell division process creates 4 genetically unique haploid gametes from one diploid cell.
What is Meiosis?
These two macromolecules are the only ones to produce energy (quick or storage of energy)
What are carbohydrates and lipids?
This organelle is made of proteins and makes proteins its self.
What are ribosomes?
During the day time plants complete photosynthesis but during the night time they undergo this process
what is cellular respiration?
At the end of mitosis you create this many cells
What are 2 identical daughter cells?
When a red flower and white flower cross to produce pink offspring, it demonstrates this inheritance pattern.
What is Incomplete Dominance?
In the presence of an enzyme inhibitor, what happens to the reaction rate?
The reaction will not proceed because the substrate can not bind to the enzyme.
This biomolecule is never found in the cell membrane
What are nucleic acids?
Without plants humans would go extinct as we rely on this product from plants.
What is oxygen?
Programmed cell death, which prevents mutated or damaged cells from dividing, is known by this term.
What is Apoptosis?
This event during Prophase I of meiosis increases genetic diversity by swapping segments of homologous chromosomes.
What is Crossing Over?