Nutrients
Which nutrient is our main source of energy?
carbohydrates
What is your body's main source of energy?
carbohydrates
What is a symptom of scurvy?
bleeding gums / sore joints
What does "insoluble" mean?
cannot dissolve
In what organ are nutrients absorbed into the blood?
small intestine
What colour does iodine turn when starch is present?
blue/black
A student eats 9,000 kJ but uses 12,000 kJ. What will happen to their mass?
Their mass will decrease
An adult's iron RI is 15 mg.
They eat 100 g of bread containing 3 mg of iron. How much more bread would they need to reach the RI?
500 g of bread / 5 more loaves of bread
What is the first step of digesting food called?
Ingestion
What happens to undigested food molecules?
They get egested/defaecated
What is another name for fats?
lipids
What are the 5 different types of nutrients?
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals
What is a mineral (mineral salt)?
elements that are important for human health
What organ uses acid to help digest food?
stomach
What are the finger-like things on the wall of the small intestine called?
villi (plural) / villus (singular)
Name two uses for water in the human body
sweat, blood, acts as lubricant, fills cells (hold shape), etc.
Name three uses for nutrients
energy, growth & repair, health
What causes night blindness?
lack of vitamin A
How does food move down the oesophagus?
muscles move the food down
What process causes digested nutrients to be absorbed from the small intestine into the blood?
diffusion
Why is fibre NOT considered a nutrient?
We cannot digest fibre
What process releases energy from food for cells to use?
cellular respiration
Why is obesity a form of malnutrition?
there is too much of one/more nutrients in their diet and so their diet is not balanced
What do enzymes do?
speeds up the breakdown of food molecules, without being changed itself
How is the small intestine adapted to absorbing digested nutrients quickly?
long intestine, folded walls, villi, microvilli, large surface area