Classification & Biodiversity
What is an organism?
a living thing
How many parents are needed for sexual reproduction?
two
What is the name of the part of the female reproductive organ that "catches" pollen?
stigma
How does the pollen grain get to the ovule of a plant?
a pollen tube grows and it moves down
What three things does a seed need to germinate?
water, oxygen, warmth
What is the most specific classification group?
species
What type of reproduction produces offspring with inherited variation?
sexual reproduction
What is the name of the male reproductive organ?
stamen
what is the name of the process whereby a male and female gamete fuse together?
fertilisation
What is aerobic respiration?
a process in which oxygen is used to release energy from substances like glucose
What is biodiversity?
the range of different species of organisms in an ecosystem
Strawberry plants can reproduce both sexually and asexually. How do they reproduce in each way?
asexual: runner from parent plant
sexual: flower pollination
What is the name of the male and female gametes of plants?
male: pollen grain
female: ovule
What part of the flower becomes the fruit?
ovary
give the word equation for photosynthesis:
carbon dioxide + water (+ light energy) → glucose + oxygen
What are the five kingdoms of life?
animals, plants, fungi, protoctists, prokaryotes
What is a hybrid and why don't we have more of them?
the infertile offspring of two different species; they cannot reproduce & different species can't often reproduce
Name TWO differences between wind- and animal-pollinated pollen
wind: small, light, round
animal: large, spiky
what is the name for the spreading of seeds away from a parent plant?
seed dispersal
Where does photosynthesis occur inside plant leaves?
chloroplasts
Why is biodiversity important? Give THREE reasons
-- stable ecosystems
-- food webs
-- protects against environmental changes
What are the advantages of asexual reproduction? Name TWO
-- only need one parent plant
-- faster than sexual reproduction
-- identical genetics (good if good characteristics)
Why do plants try to prevent self-pollination?
so that they have variation in offspring (inherited variation)
Name THREE parts of a seed and give their function:
-- seed coat: protection
-- food store: for germination
-- embryo: baby plant that forms root & shoot
How are animals and plants interdependent for the gases they need?
Plants need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen
Animals need oxygen to breath and release carbon dioxide