Crash Forces
What is a push or a pull acting on an object?
What is a force?
Any object that is moving possesses this type of energy.
What is kinetic energy?
These specialized cells send signals and communicate information throughout the brain.
What are neurons?
The amount of matter in an object is its mass, while how fast it moves is its what?
What is speed (or velocity)?
When two or more objects crash into or hit each other, transferring energy.
What is a collision?
In a collision between a massive truck and a tiny mosquito, how do the peak forces on each compare?
What is they are exactly equal and opposite?
How much kinetic energy does a non-moving object (like the ground) contribute to a system?
What is zero (0)?
What is the name of the long, stringy part of a neuron cell?
What is an axon?
If you double the mass of a moving object, its kinetic energy increases by how much?
What is it doubles (2x)?
To change shape, bend, or break as a result of a force being applied.
What is deformation (or deform)?
The absolute highest amount of push or pull experienced by an object during a crash is called this.
What is peak force?
How do you determine the total kinetic energy in a system right before a collision?
What is by adding together the kinetic energy of all moving objects in the system?
The maximum amount of force a structure or material can take before it permanently breaks or deforms is called this.
What is the breaking point (or elastic limit)?
If you double the speed of a moving object, its kinetic energy increases by how much?
What is it quadruples (4x)?
The maximum amount of force a material or biological structure can take before it permanently deforms or snaps.
What is a breaking point (or elastic limit)?
True or False: A fast player running into a slow player results in a larger peak force on the slow player.
What is False (forces in contact are always equal and opposite)?
Between (A) a player hitting a moving ball, (B) two moving players colliding, and (C) a player hitting the stationary ground, which system has the least total kinetic energy?
What is System C (hitting the ground)?
Permanent damage to brain axons (a concussion) occurs when the collision force does what?
What is exceeds the axon's breaking point?
Between doubling mass and doubling speed, which variable is a bigger factor in causing damage during a collision?
What is speed?
The absolute highest amount of push or pull on an object during a crash or impact.
What is peak force
When drawing a Free Body Diagram of a collision, the peak force arrows on the two interacting objects must look like this.
What are equal in length and pointing in opposite directions?
How is the total kinetic energy of a system before impact related to the peak force generated during the collision?
What is higher total kinetic energy produces higher peak forces?
True or False: Hard objects like human skulls or steel bumpers do not have an elastic limit or breaking point.
What is False (every material has an elastic limit/breaking point)?
How do you single out variables when testing whether doubling mass or doubling speed causes more damage using a toy car and ramp?
What is keep speed constant while changing mass, then keep mass constant while changing speed?
The sum of all the motion energy of every object in a group or system added together before impact.
What is total kinetic energy?