Launching a New Nation (Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe)
What was the name of the commanding general of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War?
George Washington.
Andrew Jackson was famous for popularizing the Spoils System in American politics. Explain what the Spoils System is and provide a hypothetical example.
Rewarding supporters with government jobs. An example would be making someone the head of the Department of the Treasury who has no banking experience.
List one reason why factory owners tended to hire children rather than adults.
1.) Could pay them less for their work
2.) They had tiny hands and could reach into machines that were jammed or stuck and get them moving again.
What is a compromise? Give an example.
A compromise is a settlement where two opposing parties resolve a conflict or reach an agreement by each making concessions. In a compromise, both sides give up a part of what they initially wanted to find a middle ground. Examples will vary.
Name the three branches of government and what does each do (or who/what groups is it made up of)?
Executive, legislative, and Judicial. Answers will vary for the second part of the question.
George Washington set a lot of precedents during his Presidency. What is a precedent and list two of them.
A precedent is an example set to be followed by people serving in your role in the future. Some examples include avoiding foreign wars/alliances, not forming political parties, the two-term presidency limit, etc.
What was the name of the President of Mexico during the Mexican-American War.
The 1800s saw a number of reform movements. One involved Prison reform from a woman named Dorothea Dix. Name and briefly explain three additional reform movements of that time period.
Answers will vary.
What was the name of the man who led a failed slave uprising in Harper's Ferry, West Virginia? Why did the uprising ultimately fail?
John Brown. No slaved showed up to join the cause.
What is the name of the system that is used to elect the President of the United States. Give a negative of this system.
Electoral College. Answers will vary for the second part.
What major War was fought during the Presidency of James Madison?
The War of 1812.
Name three states that used to be a part of Mexico.
The entirety of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and Texas, as well as parts of New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming, Kansas, and Oklahoma, were once part of Mexico. These regions were ceded to the United States following the Mexican-American War and the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
What animal was nearly hunted to extinction by mountain men who sold their pelts to make hats that were very fashionable in Europe.
Beavers. Before the North American fur trade began in the early 1600s, wildlife biologists estimate there were between 100 million and 400 million beavers. Tis massive population was reduced to as few as 100,000 individuals by the end of the 19th century.
Name two advantages that the Confederacy had and two advantages that the Union had during the Civil War.
Answers will vary.
What is the system of checks and balances used in the United States. Give an example of one.
The system of checks and balances in the United States prevents any single branch of government from accumulating too much power. It divides authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, allowing each branch to limit or "check" the actions of the others. Answers will vary for the example.
Fill in the Blanks. Thomas Jefferson bought the _______ ________ from Napoleon (leader of _______) for $15 million. He then sent ________ and ________ on an expedition to explore the territory. They were aided by an indigenous woman named ___________.
(1) Louisiana (2) Territory (3) France (4) Lewis (5) Clark (6) Sacagawea
Andrew Jackson is famous for appearing on a piece of U.S. currency. Name the figures on the following pieces of currency. $1, $2, $5, $10, $50, and $100 bills.
$1 = George Washington
$2 = Thomas Jefferson
$5 = Abraham Lincoln
$10 = Alexander Hamilton
$20 = Andrew Jackson
$50 = Ulysses S. Grant
$100 = Benjamin Franklin
Explain who Samuel Slater was and how he was connected to the Industrial Revolution.
Father of the American Revolution. Built a replica factory in the United States after memorizing blueprints while working in Great Britain. This began the Industrial Revolution in the United States.
During the American Civil War, what communication device did Lincoln utilize to communicate with his generals? The war also featured a new military uniform piece called a dog tag. What is a dog tag used for?
Telegraph / Allows for easy identification of wounded/dead soldiers on the battlefield and basic information such as hometown and blood type.
What U.S. state is the closest to the equator?
Hawaii.
James Monroe is most famous for a policy known as the Monroe Doctrine.
The Monroe Doctrine is a foundational U.S. foreign policy declared by President James Monroe in December 1823. It states that the Western Hemisphere is off-limits to further European colonization or interference, and that the U.S. will view any such interventions as hostile acts.
In the Nullification Crisis, South Carolina nearly seceded from the United States over Andrew Jackson's tariff policies. List two positives and two negatives of implementing tariffs.
Positives: Protect domestic industries from foreign competition, generate government revenue, and exert political leverage.
Negatives: Higher consumer prices, supply chain disruptions, retaliatory trade wars, and slower economic growth
Early cities had very high mortality rates due to the many diseases that spread among residents. One of the most deadly was Cholera. Explain how Cholera spreads and be sure to connect this to how early cities.
Cholera spreads through the contamination of water supplies with human fecal matter. This was a major problem in early cities as they did not have indoor plumbing so most people dumped their waste into the streets where it flowed into local rivers/streams where people got their water.
Name of the location of the end of the Civil War where Lee surrendered to Grant.
Appomattox Courthouse.
The tallest mountain (20.310 feet) in the United States (Mount Denali) is located in this state.
Alaska.