Causes that led to Civil war
What did the south's economy heavily depend on?
slavery/ slave labor
Why did the underground railroad extend to Canadanand not stop in the northern states?
Canada was the only true safehaven due to the Fugitive Slave Act, that allowed the capture and return of runaway slaves even if they had made it North.
What was the first state to allow African Americans of a jury in 1860?
Massachusetts was also the first to allow African-Americans on a jury, in 1860, on the eve of the Civil War. Francis Clough, 45, a freeman born in Worcester, and William Jenkins, a former slave, became the first African-American jurors in Massachusetts when they served in the Worcester Superior Court.
What year did the civil war start and end?
1861-1865
What was the most profitable crop in the south?
Cotton
Why didn't the south’s railroad system develop at the same rate as the North’s?
Money was invested into the capital necessary for farms or plantations dependent on slave labor.
What actions did Harriet do to mitigate risks? (name two)
Most trips happened on Saturday evenings due to the paper not being published on Sunday's. Using medicine to drug babies to avoid their cries giving away their location. Most trips occured during winter months due to the nights being longer.
Name an example of restricted political freedom for free blacks in the North?
restricted from voting in most states
restricted from jury duty in most states
Who was president of the Union when the Civil war began in 1861? Both first and last name.
Who was president of the Confederate States of America throughout its existence during the American Civil War (1861–65)? Both first and last name.
Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis
addresses the hypocrisy of celebrating American independence while millions of African Americans remained enslaved. The speech serves as a searing indictment of the institution of slavery and the failure of the nation to live up to its founding ideals of freedom, equality, and justice for all.
What was the controversial political doctorine (idea) that allowed people of federal territories to decide for themselves whether their territories would enter the Union as free or slave states.
Popular sovereignty
Why was Harriet Tubman nicknamed Moses?
Harriet Tubman earned the nickname "Moses" due to her extraordinary efforts in leading enslaved people to freedom, much like the biblical figure of Moses leading the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt. Tubman's role as a conductor on the Underground Railroad, a network of secret routes and safe houses used by enslaved African Americans to escape to free states and Canada, brought her fame and recognition.
Explain segregation. Name some examples of places that had segregation in Northern cities.
Segregation refers to the enforced separation of different racial, ethnic, or religious groups in society, often leading to unequal treatment and opportunities for those groups. Churches, Schools, Public Spaces (theaters,restaurants, hotels)
Who is Rose Greenhow? Explain her influence in the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861.
She was a confederate spy. For example, she reportedly provided General P.G.T. Beauregard with crucial intelligence that helped him win the First Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas) in July 1861.
Where and when was Harriet Tubman born?
Harriet Tubman was born into slavery in Dorchester County, Maryland, United States. The exact date of her birth is not known, but it is believed to be around 1820.
What was the name of the speech given in 1858 by Lincoln (in his sentor race against Stephen Douglass)? The speech revolves around the issue of slavery and its impact on the nation.The central idea of the speech is that the United States cannot remain indefinitely half-slave and half-free.
A House Divided
How did Harriet Tubman continued her service to others after the civil war?
For 48 years after the Civil war until her death in 1913, Harriet cared for 6-8 individuals (abandoned/ disabled/ elderly/ sick at a time in her home.
Name three services offered by the black church before the civil war
Provided refugee for fugitive slaves, hosted abolitionist meetings, published newspaper, ran liberty club, sunday schools
What were the 3 steps to the Anaconda plan?
1. block southern ports and stop trade
2. Divide the Confederacy by controlling the Mississippi River
3. Capture Richmond, Virginia: The Confederate capital
What were border states? Name 3 border states.
The border states were slave states that remained in the Union throughout the American Civil War (1861–1865). Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, and, after 1863, the newly created state of West Virginia, were among them.
Name the 3 compromises we discussed that led up to the civil war? & list one thing one of them did.
3/5 compromise- The compromise stated that for the purposes of representation and taxation, enslaved individuals would be counted as three-fifths of a person.
Missouri Compromise- This legislation admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a non-slave state at the same time, so as not to upset the balance between slave and free states in the nation. It also outlawed slavery above the 36º 30' latitude line in the remainder of the Louisiana Territory.
1850 compromise- The Compromise of 1850 had several parts. They included California being admitted as a free state and the borders of Texas being settled, with areas ceded by Texas becoming the recognized territories of New Mexico and Utah
Explain what happened during the Combahee River Raid. What was Harriet Tubman's influence in this event?
During the Combahee River Raid on June 1-2, 1863, Union forces led by Colonel James Montgomery targeted Confederate supply lines and plantations along the Combahee River in South Carolina. They destroyed infrastructure, confiscated supplies, and freed over 700 enslaved individuals. Harriet Tubman, the renowned abolitionist and former enslaved person, played a crucial role in the raid by providing intelligence, guiding the troops through unfamiliar terrain, and helping coordinate the rescue of enslaved people. Her intimate knowledge of the region and the enslaved population greatly contributed to the raid's success.
We discussed a graduation speech from an unknown student who graduated as top of his class from the New York City, Free school in 1819. Explain in atleast two sentences why this boy felt discouraged?
He explains his doubts about the effort he has put in to graduate with a high class ranking due to the lack of recognition he will recieve for this in society. He discusses lack of employment opportunities.
What did the Emancipation Proclamation declare? Why were the Border states not included?
President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free.
The border states, including Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri, were crucial to the Union war effort. Lincoln was wary of alienating these states, as their loyalty was essential for maintaining the Union. Including them in the Emancipation Proclamation might have pushed them toward secession.
Why did Lincoln give the Gettysburg Address? or What was the message of the speech? Must answer one.
In the wake of the United States Civil War's deadliest battle, President Abraham Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address to comfort the country in a time of loss.
The main message of the Gettysburg Address is that ideals are worth dying for and that it is up to the living to carry on the work of those who died to protect ideals. The ideals of equality and freedom are the bedrock of the United States as a nation.