Atomic Structure
What are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What determines the identity of an element?
The number of protons in its nucleus.
What is the horizontal row called?
A period.
What is an atom?
The basic unit of an element.
What is the only mammal capable of true flight?
Bat
What particles are located in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons.
What information on the periodic table tells you how many protons an atom has?
The atomic number.
What is the vertical column called?
A group.
What does the subscript H₂O tell you?
(Do not say it's water)
Two hydrogen atoms are bonded to one oxygen atom.
What is the smallest prime number?
2
What happens to an atom's charge if it loses an electron?
It becomes positively charged because it now has more protons than electrons.
What is the difference between atomic number and atomic mass?
Atomic number tells us the number of protons. Atomic mass represents the average mass of an element's atoms.
Why are elements in the same group often similar?
They often have similar chemical properties.
How is a molecule different from a compound?
A molecule contains two or more bonded atoms. A compound contains two or more different elements chemically bonded together.
What is the only continent located in all four hemispheres?
Africa
An atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What element is it and what is its charge?
Carbon. It has a charge of +2 because it has 6 protons and only 4 electrons.
Two atoms have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. What are they called?
Isotopes. They are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
What element does the chemical symbol Fe represent?
Iron
A student examines the formula CO₂. Explain how many atoms are present and how many different elements make up the substance.
There are three atoms total: one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. There are two different elements.
What is the only letter that does not appear in any U.S. state name?
Q
An atom has 12 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons. Identify its element and determine its charge.
Bonus Points if you can explain your reasoning.
Magnesium. It has a +2 charge because it has 12 protons and 10 electrons.
A scientist changes an atom's structure. The atom's mass changes, but its identity stays the same. Which subatomic particle was most likely changed, and why?
A neutron was added or removed. Neutrons affect an atom's mass, but the number of protons determines its identity.
Explain how organizing elements by atomic number helps scientist identify patterns.
Elements are arranged in increasing atomic number. This organization allows scientists to compare elements and identify patterns in their properties.
Classify each substance:
molecule, compound, both.
O₂ CO₂
O₂: A molecule, but not a compound, because it contains only oxygen atoms.
CO₂: Both a molecule and a compound because it contains carbon and oxygen atoms chemically bonded together.
Which language has the most native speakers worldwide?
Mandarin Chinese