Infinitives & Gerunds
Complete the sentence with a gerund or infinitive:
Vincent enjoys ___________ (hear) other people's opinions.
Vincent enjoys hearing other people's opinions.
Complete the sentence using the present perfect form of the verb.
Rodolfo ______________ (complete) all the ELW classes, so now he is ready for the ELIC program.
Rodolfo has completed all the ELW classes, so now he is ready for the ELIC program.
Complete the sentence with although or unless:
___________ she is a great painter, she is not very confident in her art.
Although she is a great painter, she is not very confident in her art.
Rewrite the direct question as an embedded yes/no question.
Will this help? // I'm not sure if ________________.
I'm not sure if this will help.
Complete the sentence using the past perfect form of the verb.
By the time he was 23, he ____________ (open) his first business.
By the time he was 23, he had opened his first business.
Complete the sentence using a preposition + gerund.
Although Larry has excellent oral communication skills, he needs improvement ____ _______________ (write).
Although Larry has excellent oral communication skills, he needs improvement in writing.
Complete the sentence using the present perfect form of the verb.
Lisa ________________ (not / find) a job yet, but she is optimistic that she'll find something soon.
Lisa hasn't found a job yet, but she is optimistic that she'll find something soon.
Complete the sentence with although or unless:
You will definitely get cavities __________ you brush your teeth regularly.
You will definitely get cavities unless you brush your teeth regularly.
Rewrite the direct question as an embedded yes/no question.
Do you know this? // I'm not sure whether ______________.
I'm not sure whether you know this.
Complete the sentence using the past perfect form of the verb.
By 1750, more than 1 million settlers ____________ (make) the colonies their new homes.
By 1750, more than 1 million settlers had made the colonies their new homes.
Write the sentence using a gerund or infinitive.
Martha / don't mind / do / simple paperwork.
Martha doesn't mind doing simple paperwork.
Complete the sentence using the present perfect continuous:
Iris _________________ (make) an effort to be friendly at work and get to know her coworkers.
Iris has been making an effort to be friendly at work and get to know her coworkers.
Rewrite the sentence using although or unless.
Even though he understands Arabic well, he has a hard time speaking it.
Although he understands Arabic well, he has a hard time speaking it.
Rewrite the direct question as an embedded question.
What does he expect me to say? // Can anyone tell me __________________________?
Can anyone tell me what he expects me to say?
Complete the sentence with either simple past or past perfect.
Before Ronald Reagan __________ (be) president of the United States, he had been a famous actor.
Before Ronald Reagan was president of the United States, he had been a famous actor.
Write the sentence using a gerund or infinitive:
Elva / would like / learn / to cook at a culinary school.
Elva would like to learn to cook at a culinary school.
Complete the sentence with either the P.P. or P.P.C.
Although I ____________ (make) a lot of mistakes in the past, I won't let those mistakes define my future.
Although I have made a lot of mistakes in the past, I won't let those mistakes define my future.
Rewrite the sentence using although or unless.
He is planning on moving away if he doesn't find a good job in this area.
He is planning on moving away unless he finds a good job in this area.
Rewrite the direct question as an embedded question.
Why do Americans ask the question? // Could you explain ____________________________?
Could you explain why Americans ask the question?
Complete the sentence with either simple past or past perfect.
By the time he died, William Penn ___________ (lose) all of his money.
By the time he died, William Penn had lost all of his money.
Complete the sentence using a 1.) preposition + gerund and a 2.) gerund or infinitive
Feng wants to ask his counselor 1.) ______ __________ (take) business classes because he plans 2.) __________ (open) his own business.
Feng wants to ask his counselor about taking business classes because he plans to open his own business.
Complete the sentence with either the P.P. or P.P.C.
"You _________________ (drink) coffee all morning! You probably shouldn't have any more."
"You have been drinking coffee all morning! You probably shouldn't have any more."
Maria often oversleeps and she has been late to work a few times this month. Her supervisor gave her a warning about being late. What will happen to Maria if she continues to arrive to work late? Write a sentence using "unless."
Maria will get fired unless she arrives to work on time.
Unless Maria arrives to work on time, she will get fired.
Rewrite the direct question as an embedded question.
What is this guy's problem? ______________________________________./?
I don't know what this guy's problem is.
Complete the sentence with either simple past or past perfect.
When they __________ (arrive) at the movie theater, the movie ______ already ___________ (start).
When they arrived at the movie theater, the movie had already started.