interlingual errors
First language interference
What causes intralingual errors?
Confusion about the rules of the second language.
What are developmental errors?
Errors made while learning a language.
What is it?
A way to communicate when you do not know a word.
“She go to school every day.”
Intralingual error
What is negative transfer?
When the first language causes an error in the second language.
Correct this sentence: “She go to school.”
She goes to school
What is an incomplete application of rules?
Using only part of a grammar rule.
What is language switching?
Changing from one language to another.
“I have 20 years.”
Interlingual
What are false cognates?
Words that look similar but have different meanings.
Applying a rule to situations where it does not work.
What is a false hypothesis?
An incorrect idea about how a language works.
What is avoidance?
Avoiding words or structures that are difficult.
“He can to swim.”
Intralingual error
Is “I have 20 years” an example of language interference?
Yes. The correct expression is “I am 20 years old.”
Correct this sentence: “He can to swim.”
He can swim
What is an example of a past-tense error?
“Yesterday, I go to school.”
What can a learner do if they forget a word?
Describing using other words
“Yesterday, I goed to school.”
Overgeneralization
Why do Spanish speakers sometimes say “I have hunger”?
They translate the Spanish expression “Tengo hambre” literally.
Why do learners say “goed” instead of “went”?
They overgeneralize the regular past-tense rule.
Why do learners make developmental errors?
They are still developing their understanding of the language.
Is switching to Spanish always a bad strategy?
No. It can help communication, especially when used appropriately.
A student avoids using the past tense because they are unsure of the rules. What strategy is this?
Avoidance