surface water
How much percent of Earth's water is freshwater?
2.5%
What is groundwater?
water that fills tiny gaps between soil and sediments underground.
What are two main categories of aquatic biomes?
freshwater and saltwater(marine)
What two factors can affect nutrient levels in the ocean?
water temperature and upwelling.
What are the two main categories of water pollution by source?
Point source and non-point source.
what is a watershed?
A watershed is an area of land that drains into a particular body of water
What is the water table?
The level below which the ground is saturated with water.
What is primary productivity?
The rate at which sunlight is converted into organic compounds through photosynthesis.
How much of global photosynthesis is completed by phytoplankton?
Almost half of global photosynthesis.
What type of pollution often causes the oxygen sag curve?
Nutrient pollution
What is an estuary?
where the mouth of freshwater meets the ocean
What is an aquitard?
An impermeable layer that prevents water from flowing from aquifer to another.
How are freshwater and marine bimoes different?
They have different salt concentrations.
a thin layer in water changes quickly and divides upper layer from lower layer.
(temp keeps them like this)
How does thermal pollution affect dissolved oxygen levels in water?
Thermal pollution causes a decrease in dissolved oxygen.
What is the largest and most productive estuary in the US?
The Chesapeake Bay
How do aquifers store water?
An aquifer consists of a layer of permeable, saturated rock and the slow-moving water in its parts.
When do Intertidal zones occur?
The transition between land and sea.
where can nutrients be found that contribute to high ocean productivity?
nutrients are found at the mouths of rivers and through upwelling.
What can thermal and nutrient cause?
a drop in dissolved oxygen and reduced biodiversity.
How does water change as it flows through a watershed
By evaporating, trans pirating, infiltering, and running off.
what has Irrigation done?
Irrigation has prevented another Dust bowl from happening but may be depleting aquifers.
What is net primary productivity?
The amount of organic matter produced by photosynthetic organisms after accounting for their respiration rates.
What is the euphotic zone and what is its approximate depth?
A part of the ocean where sunlight can penetrate water, typically up to 200m deeep.
How does d=sediment pollution affect water quality?
Loose soil, sand, silt, and clay.