Acids
Acids taste
sour
Definition of bases (Arrhenius & Bronsted-Lowry)
create OH-, proton acceptors
What is the normal range of the pH scale?
0-14
Litmus turns ____ in a basic substance
blue
HNO3 + H2O -->
Strong or weak?
HNO3 + H2O --> H3O+ + NO3-
Strong
Name of H3O+
hydronium
two physical properties of bases
Taste bitter, feels slippery
This has a pH of 7
Pure water
Litmus paper turns ___ in a acidic substance
Red
H3PO4 + H2O <-->
strong or weak? (Only the first ionization)
H3PO4 + H2O <--> H3O+ + H2PO4-
Weak
True or False acids react with metals
true (active metals)
A light bulb in a solution of a weak base would do what?
conduct a weak electric current
Acidic pH values
less than 7
Phenolphthaline turns _____ in basic substance
Pink
Mg(OH)2 -->
in water
Mg(OH)2 --> Mg2+ + 2OH-
HNO3 + H2O -->
HNO3 + H2O --> H3O+ + NO3-
A common weak base?
NH3
pH is the measure of the amount of ___ ion
H3O+
An acid with two acidic hydrogen
diprotic acid
NH3 + H20 <-->
NH3 + H20 <--> NH4+ + OH-
How is a strong acid different from a weak acid?
Strong acids completely ionize
Weak acid partially ionize
Negative ion from an acid combining with positive ion from a base in a neutralization reaction
salt
Ca(OH)2 + HNO3 -->
Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 --> 2H2O + Ca(NO3)2