Vocabulary
Natural Selection
A
A
Natural Selection
B
B
Natural Selection
C
C
Natural Selection
100
The process by which species cease to exist is
What is extinction?
100
A phylogenetic tree is . . .
a diagram showing how scientists think different groups of organisms are related.
100
What is the vocabulary for "survival of the fittest"?
What is Natural Selection?
100
Darwin observed that the shape of these finches _________ were well matched with the seeds available in their own distinct environment.
Beaks
100
Preserved remains of once-living organisms
Fossil
200
The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals
Natural Selection
200
What is most likely to happen to moth populations in the picture shown?
Dark moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population decreases.
200
Does natural selection typically take a long time or a short time?
What is a Loooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooong time?
200
An inherited characteristic that improves an organism’s chances to survive and reproduce is a(n) ____________________.
adaptation
200
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.
Trait
300
What is a change in a gene that results in a new trait?
What is a mutation?
300
Evidence of the changes in a species' physical characteristics over millions of years can best be shown through a study of what?
What is fossil
300
In an arctic environment, which would survive longer: red foxes or white foxes?
White foxes
300
T/F In sedimentary rock, the youngest fossils are usually found in the deepest layers.
F
300
In the process of natural selection, the organisms that are best suited to their environments are most likely to survive and _________________________.
reproduce
400
A TRAIT that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
What is Adaptation?
400
What would happen if the environment changes drastically and no organisms have fitting adaptations?
What is a species could go extinct?
400
This creature has stayed relatively the same for millions of years
What is horseshoe crab?
400
Where do scientists find evidence of evolutionary relationships among species? (3)
fossils
body structure
DNA
400
The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
Dark moth
500
Differences between different individuals of a population
Variation
500
During natural selection, what happens between the populations with different traits?
They compete to survive
500
Selection is done by humans and focuses on the traits that we find to be the most valuable to us.
What is Artificial Selection
500
Darwin began to hypothesize that organisms developed traits over time because of the differences in their ___________.
Environments
500
On the Galápagos Islands how did a drier than usual year affect the population of finches?
More finches with large size beaks survived into the next generation