Ch 37 Nutrition
Which client will have an increased metabolic rate and require nutritional interventions?
a. a healthy young adult who works in an office
b. a retired person living in a temperate climate
c. a person with a serious infection and fever
d. an older, sedentary adult with painful joints
c. a person with a serious infection and fever
What independent nursing intervention can be implemented to stimulate appetite?
a. administer prescribed medications
b. encourage or provide oral care
c. recommend dietary supplements
d. assess manifestations of malnutrition
b. encourage or provide oral care
The client admitted to the nurse's unit with a diagnosis of heart failure. His heart is not pumping effectively, which is resulting in edema and coarse crackles in his lungs. The term for this condition is :
a. fluid volume excess
b. atelectasis d. fluid volume deficit
c. myocardial infarction
a. fluid volume excess
The electrolyte imbalance that causes hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) and tremors?
What is hypermagnesemia
Compensation done by the lungs in an attempt to correct an acidotic environment
What is hyperventilation
Most nutritionists recommend having a proper amount of fiber in the diet. In addition to other benefits, how does fiber affect cholesterol?
a. increases fecal excretion of cholesterol
b. decrease fecal excretion of cholesterol
c. facilitates intake and use of trans fats
d. raises blood cholesterol levels
a. increase fecal excretion of cholesterol
Total parental nutrition (TPN) has been ordered for a client. The nurse is aware that the assessment criteria for ordering TPN is what? Select all that apply. (3)
a. Client is not able to absorb nutrients properly
b. A debilitating condition for more than 2 weeks
c. Renal or hepatic failure d. Intact GI tract
e. Tolerating a full liquid diet
a. Client is not able to absorb nutrients appropriately
b. A debilitating condition for more than 2 weeks
c. Renal or hepatic failure
A nurse measures a client's 24-hour fluid intake and documents the findings. To be an accurate indicator of fluid status, what must the nurse also do with the information?
a. compare the total intake and output of fluids for the 24 hours
b. ensure that the information is included in the verbal end-of-shift report
c. report the exact milliters of intake to the HCP's office nuse
d. compare the client's intake with the normal range of adult fluid intake
a. compare the total intake and output of fluids for the 24 hours
The electrolyte that causes muscle cramping, seizures, and tetany?
What is hypokalemia
Compensation done by the kidneys in an attempt to connect an acidic environment
what is secretion of bicarbonate and excretion of bicarbonate and excretion of hydrogen ions
While reviewing an adult clint's chart, a nurse notes average daily intake of fluids as 2000mL/day. What will the nurse do based on this information?
a. change the plan of care to include forcing fluids
b. ask the client to drink more water during the day
c. post a sign limiting fluids to 1000mLevery 24 hours
d. continue with care, this is a normal fluid intake
d. continue with care, this is a normal fluid intake
In planning to meet the nutritional needs of a critically ill client in the intensive care unit (ICU). Which factor will increase the client's basal metabolic rate?
a. infection b. advanced age c. prolonged fasting
d. long periods of sleep
a. infection
During an assessment of an older client, the nurse notes an increase in pulse and respiration rates and notes that the client has warm skin. The nurse also notes a decrease in the client's blood pressure. which medical diagnosis maybe responsible?
a. hypovolemia b. hypervolemia
c. edema d. circculatory overload
a. hypovolemia
The electrolyte imbalance that will be seen when someone has been on a potassium wasting diuretic and/or is complaining of abdominal distention and vomiting.
what is hypokalemia
Ph 7.55 HC03 17 PaC02 20
What is partially compensated resp alkalosis
A nurse is conducting a health history interview for an older adult. Which question or statement should the nurse prioritize for nutritional assessment?
a. "Why don't you consider eating more meat? You need protein"
b. "When did you first notice that you had this sore on your heel?"
c. "What kinds of foods did you prepare when you were younger?"
d. "Which prescribed and over-the- counter medications (OTC) do you take?"
d. "Which prescribed and over-the-counter(OTC) medications do you take?"
A client who is taking supplements reports severe flushing and itching an hour after ingestion. The nurse is aware that the supplement is most likely?
a. niacin b. riboflavin c. folate d. thiamin
a. niacin
What is the average adult fluid intake and loss in each 24 hours?
a. 1500 to 3500 mL b. 1500 to 2000mL
c. 1000 to 1500 mL d. 500 to 1000mL
a. 1500 to 3500 mL
The process that requires energy to move fluids, electrolytes and other solutes across the semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cells.
What is active transport
Ph 7.44 HC03 17 PaC02 50
compensated metabolic alkalosis
What information do anthropometric measurements provide in adults?
a. an indirect measurement of protein and fat stores
b. amount of obesity
c. growth rate
d. reflection of social interaction with others
a. an indirect measurement of protein and fat stores
A client prescribed Warfarin, an anticoagulant. When educating this client about potential diet and drug interactions, the nurse would caution the client about foods containing which nutrient?
a. Vit K b. Vit C c. Calcium d. Potassium
a. Vit K
A client is taking a diuretic such as furosemide. When implementing client education, what information should be included?
a. decreased K levels c. increased Na levels
b. increased K levels d. decreased 02 levels
a. decreased K levels
Muscle weakness, paralysis, dysrhythmia, ,VFIB, life threatening imbalance
What is hyperkalemia
Ph 7.15 HC03 12 PaC02 40
metabolic acidosis