Philip II of Spain
What country did Philip II rule as king?
spain
What country did Catherine the Great rule?
Russia
What empire did Charles V rule as emperor?
The Holy Roman Empire
What country did Louis XIV rule?
France
What country did Frederick II rule?
prussia
What religion did Philip II strongly support and defend during his reign
Roman Catholicism
What title is Catherine best known by?
Empress of Russia
What title did Charles V hold in addition to being Holy Roman Emperor?
King of Spain
What nickname was Louis XIV known by?
What nickname is Frederick II commonly known by?
Frederick the Great
What famous fleet did Philip II send against England in 1588?
the Spanish Amada
Was Catherine the Great born in Russia or in another country?
Another country
Which religious movement began during Charles V’s reign and challenged the Catholic Church?
The Protestant Reformation
What famous palace did Louis XIV expand and make the center of his government?
Palace of Versailles
What major European conflict did Frederick II fight in from 1756 to 1763?
The Seven Years’ War
Which English queen was the main target of the Spanish Armada?
Elizabeth I
What idea of the Enlightenment did Catherine try to bring to Russia through education and government reforms?
Enlightenment ideas such as reason, education, and modernization
Which reformer did Charles V oppose at the Diet of Worms in 1521?
Martin Luther
What type of government did Louis XIV strengthen by concentrating power in his own hands?
Absolute monarchy
What region did Frederick II seize from Austria, helping to make Prussia a major European power?
Silesia
What major European conflict did Philip II help lead against the Ottoman Empire, resulting in a Christian victory at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571?
The Holy League war against the Ottoman Empire
What major event during Catherine’s reign expanded Russia’s territory by dividing a neighboring country with Austria and Prussia?
The Partitions of Poland
Why was it difficult for Charles V to maintain control of his empire?
His empire was extremely large and diverse, and he faced conflicts with Protestant princes, the Ottoman Empire, and France at the same time.
Louis XIV famously said, “L’État, c’est moi” (“I am the state”). What did this statement mean?
to assert the divine right of kings and absolute monarchy
Frederick II is often called an “enlightened despot.” What does that term mean?
A ruler who kept absolute power but used ideas from the Age of Enlightenment to reform government, education, and society.