Why Explore?
Europeans wanted valuable Asian goods such as silk, porcelain, and what?
Spices
Who crossed the Atlantic for Spain in 1492?
Christopher Columbus
What was a Catholic religious settlement created to convert Native peoples?
Mission
Spanish soldiers and adventurers who conquered Native empires were called what?
Conquistadors
What was the first permanent English settlement in North America?
Jamestown
What tool helped sailors determine direction because it pointed north?
Compass
Who sailed around the southern tip of Africa in 1488?
Bartolomeu Dias
What was a Spanish fort used to protect settlements and territory?
Presidio
Which conquistador conquered the Aztec Empire?
Hernán Cortés
What cash crop helped Jamestown become profitable?
Tobacco
What tool helped sailors calculate their position using the stars?
Astrolabe
Who sailed around Africa and reached India in 1497?
Vasco da Gama
What Spanish system gave settlers control over land and Native workers?
Encomienda system
Which conquistador conquered the Inca Empire?
Francisco Pizarro
What was the first elected assembly in the English colonies?
House of Burgesses
What small Portuguese ship could sail effectively into the wind?
Caravel
Which explorer traveled along the coast of Canada for England?
John Cabot
What economic idea said colonies should provide wealth and resources to the home country?
Mercantilism
The Columbian Exchange moved plants, animals, people, and what else?
Diseases
What agreement created self-government for Plymouth Colony in 1620?
Mayflower Compact
Name two major reasons European rulers supported exploration.
Trade, wealth, power, and/or new sea routes. Accept any two.
Which explorer traveled along the St. Lawrence River for France?
Jacques Cartier
What 1494 agreement divided much of the newly explored world between Spain and Portugal?
Treaty of Tordesillas
What four major things moved between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres in the Columbian Exchange?
Plants, animals, people, and diseases
Why were the Middle Colonies called the Breadbasket Colonies?
They produced large amounts of wheat and other grains.