General Knowledge
Everyone gets a trophy whether deserved or not
What is inclusion?
One language imposes itself because of its power and control. It usually happens to speakers of another language.
What is language imperialism?
Firefighter, postal worker, flight attendant, police officer.
What is gender neutral?
All human languages share common underlying features because they come from the same basic human cognitive system. Elements include nouns and verbs, ways to ask questions, ways to show tense or time
What is Universalism?
Who is David Crystal?
British English is seen as both of these things.
What is standard English and received pronunciation?
When the last speaker of a particular language dies and with that person goes the culture and identity.
What is language death?
References that marginalized people in this field because they were considered "funny" are no longer allowed. This would include "fat" and "dumb blonde" jokes.
What is comedy?
Human beings are born with a set of language rules. This includes LAD and rapid language acquisition.
What is Nativism?
He came up with the circles regarding the expansion of English.
Who is Kachru?
Spanglish, Jamaican Patwa, Haitian Kreyol, and various other languages that are usually stereotypes
What are non- standard Englishes?
The fear of a dominant language taking over a lesser known one. This usually happens when younger generations choose to do this.
What is language shift?
Not hiring a person because of age, color, or orientation?
What is discrimination/exclusion?
This is learned from the environment through interaction, conditioning, and experience. It focuses only on what people do and ignores internal thoughts and feelings.
What is Behaviorism?
He came up with all of these rules regarding "polite" conversation.
Who is Grice?
Language belonging to a general group such as teens and peers. Think generational language.
What is sociolect?
Russian, Mandarin Chinese, Spanish, French. Their social, political, and economic power makes people abandon smaller languages.
What is a killer language?
Broward County Public Schools give recognition to Passover, Christmas, Diwali, and Eid al‑Fitr.
What are religious holidays?
All knowledge (including language) comes from experience and interaction with the environment. It argues that humans are not born with knowledge, but instead learn through observation, imitation, and sensory input. It is the opposite of Nativism.
What is Empiricism?
The theory that language either controls or influences one's thoughts. In other words, people who speak different languages see the world differently, based on the language they use to describe it.
Who are Sapir and Whorf?
Dominant groups within a society often silence or marginalize the voices of other groups by shaping language and communication structures.
What is the Muted Group Theory?
Governments who are in the process of saving nearly extinct languages are trying to implement this. Native Hawaiian and Gaelic are part of this effort.
What is language revitalization?
Preventing a student from taking certain classes.
What is exclusion?
People in conversation generally cooperate to communicate effectively and be understood. It includes Grice's 4 Maxims: Quantity (Be informative), Quality (Be truthful, Relation (Be relevant) , and Manner (Be clear).
What is Cooperative Principle?
He came up with the Communication Accommodation Theory which states that speakers either converge or diverge according to the people they interact with.
Who is Giles?
Personal language regardless of where you fit.
What is idiolect?
Welsh in Wales, Māori in New Zealand, Breton in France spoken to preserve identity and culture.
What is language resistance?
What is nothing. This is intentionally left blank by Ms. Aleandre.
The answer to this question.
What you know and how you see the world depends on your social position (e.g., gender, race, class, life experiences).It argues that knowledge is not neutral or objective, but shaped by people’s experiences and identities.
What is The Standpoint Theory?
This theorist came up with the Dominace theory which states that women are marginalized by their speech with factors such as hedges, tag questions, empty adjectives, apologies, and politeness/indirectness.
Who is Robin Lakoff?