Globes vs. Maps
What is the most accurate 3D representation of Earth?
A globe
What line divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
The Equator
What type of location describes where a place is compared to other places using direction or features?
Relative location
Which map element unlocks the meaning of symbols, colors, and lines?
The key (or legend)
What is the general name for a mapmaker?
A cartographer
What is the chief disadvantage of converting a round globe into a flat map?
Distortion (it changes physical reality/shapes/sizes)
The Prime Meridian and the International Date Line divide Earth into which two hemispheres?
Eastern and Western Hemispheres
What type of location gives an exact spot using an address or grid coordinates?
Absolute location
What part of a map shows cardinal and intermediate directions?
A compass rose
Which map projection is most accurate at the Equator and useful for ship and sea navigation because it shows true direction?
Mercator projection
Name two advantages maps have over globes.
Maps show more detail, focus on smaller areas, show specialized information, and are easy to store/carry.
What degree of latitude is assigned to the Equator?
0∘ latitude
Lines of latitude run east-to-west, but what direction do they measure distance?
North or south
What tool on a map shows how measured distance on paper corresponds to real-world distance on Earth?
Scale bar
Which projection balances overall size and shape well and is commonly used for general reference world maps?
Winkel Tripel projection
Why are globes shaped like spheres?
Because the Earth itself is a sphere (ball-shaped).
What line marks 180∘ longitude and separates one calendar day from the next?
The International Date Line
Lines of longitude are also known by what name?
Lines of latitude are also known by what name?
Longitude = Meridians
Latitude = Parallels
What are the four intermediate directions shown on a compass rose?
Northeast (NE), Northwest (NW), Southeast (SE), Southwest (SW)
hat projection shows landmasses in their true sizes for accurate comparison, even though it stretches their shapes?
Gall-Peters projection
What do cartographers use to transfer information from a 3D globe to a 2D map without interrupting it?
Mathematical formulas
In what city and country was the Royal Greenwich Observatory established to help with navigation?
Greenwich, England
When listing geographic coordinates for absolute location, which coordinate must ALWAYS be written first?
Latitude
What is the name of a smaller map tucked inside a larger map to show extra detail of a specific area?
Inset map
What is the difference between a large-scale map and a small-scale map?
A large-scale map shows a small area with high detail; a small-scale map shows a large area with less detail.