Immigration
In which country did a potato famine cause many of its people to come to America?
Ireland
Which term refers to the act of workers refusing to work?
strike
Alexander Graham Bell invented the ______.
telephone
A _________ is a large combination of businesses controlled together
trust
Give 3 examples of natural resources
Coal, iron, oil, timber, etc.
Which Asian group was prohibited from entering the United States?
Chinese
Placing excessive emphasis on money and possessions is called _____.
What made trade in the US faster, better, and more efficient?
The Transcontinental Railroad
Competition between companies to keep improving their product benefits the ______
consumer!
What was the Gilded Age?
Time period from 1877-1900 where everything looked good on the outside but there were a lot of hidden problems
Who was a Scottish immigrant that built a large steel corporation and wrote "The Gospel of Wealth"?
Andrew Carnegie
A ____ _____ is a business owned by one person.
sole proprietorship
Give 3 reasons why inventions were important.
- increased productivity
- made products cheaper
- improved transportation and communication
- created new industries
- changed everyday American life
What is capitalism?
Private ownership of resources and businesses (encourages investment and profits)
What is Social Darwinism?
Darwin's ideas of "survival of the fittest" apply to businesses and society.
What port did European immigrants need to pass through?
What 2 railroads were chartered to build the transcontinental railroad?
Union Pacific and Central Pacific
What two incentives did the railroad companies receive for constructing track?
1. land (around the track)
2. money! (for every mile laid)
List 3 negative effects of industrial expansion.
- poor working conditions
- long hours
- low wages
- child labor
- dangerous working conditions
- crowded (& dirty) cities
- poverty
- wealth disparities
________ _______ are passed laws intended to limit monopolistic practices and protect competition
Antitrust Laws
Name 2 religions that many European immigrants brought with them.
- Roman Catholicism
- Judaism
- Eastern Orthodoxy
List two advantages of a partnership
1. more capital available
2. split financial losses
What did George Westinghouse invent?
train air brakes
What were 4 things that labor unions advocated for?
- higher wages
- shorter working hours
- safer working conditions
- better treatment
- no child labor
- greater job security
The _____ _______ ______ was an union focuses on SKILLED workers and advocated for an 8-hour workday
American Federation of Labor