CH: 7 Muscular System/Joints
Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?
Skeletal
What division of the peripheral nervous system is under involuntary control?
Autonomic system
What is the function of erythrocytes?
Transporting oxygen
What is the function of type 1 pneumocytes?
Gas exchange surface
What is the process of converting food into smaller forms that the body can use?
Digestion
Name an example of a hinge joint.
Elbow or knee
What is the chemical that travels across the synaptic cleft to trigger the next impulse in a neuron?
Neurotransmitter
What blood vessels are thick, muscular, and do not have valves?
Arteries
Name two symptoms experienced at high altitudes.
Increased ventilation rate
Increased heart rate
Headache
Fatigue
Difficulty in thinking
What is the function of the large intestines?
Absorption of water and vitamins
What is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle from one Z line to the next Z line?
Sarcomere
What is the part of the brain that is in charge of thinking, judgement, and sensory processing?
Cerebrum
A person with A- blood has what antigens and antibodies?
A antigens and anti-B antibodies
No Rh antigens
What area of the brain is the respiratory center?
Medulla oblongata
What causes scurvy?
Lack of vitamin C in the diet
Myosin bridges attach to what during a muscle contraction?
Actin filaments
What is the specific receptor for smell?
Olfactory
What is the function of the SA node?
Pacemaker that starts the impulse in the atrium
Which muscles contract during inhaling?
External intercostal muscles and diaphragm
What is the function of the villi?
Increases the surface area in the small intestines for absorption of nutrients
What is the name of the theory in which thin filaments slide past thick filaments?
Sliding filament model of a contraction
What are the bundles around the axon that speed up the transmission of the impulse called?
Myelin sheath
What does the 80 represent in a blood pressure reading of 120/80?
Diastolic pressure
What happens to the volume and the pressure of the chest cavity during exhaling?
Decrease in volume and increase in pressure
State two functions of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
Lowers the pH so pepsin can work
Kills bacteria
Activates pepsinogen to pepsin
Denatures proteins to break H bonds so enzymes can access the peptide bonds