Planes of Motion
Cycling or running would be examples of movements in this plane
Sagittal Plane
"Proximal" refers what relation of the body?
Closer to the center of the body
The term "Biomechanics" refers to what?
The study of how forces affect a living body.
Focuses on how muscles, bones, and joints interact to produce motion.
Which joint type is most common associated with human movement? (Hint: Synovial or non-synovial)
Synovial joints
In a bicep curl, what muscle is the agonist and what muscle is the antagonist?
Agonist: Bicep
Antagonist: Tricep
Name an exercise or movement that would involve the transverse plane
Bicycle crunches, roundhouse kicks, lunges with rotation, swinging a bat, triangle pose, etc.
What is the difference between medial and lateral positions?
Medial: towards the midline of the body
Lateral: farther from the midline of the body
What connects the cervical spine to the lumbar spine?
Thoracic spine
Reverse flys would be an example of Scapular_____
(Scapular) retraction
What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 fibers?
Type 1: "slow twitch", aerobic, smaller in size, produce less force, don't respond as well to muscle growth
Type 2: "fast twitch", anaerobic, bigger in size, greater speed/strength, quick to fatigue but respond well to muscle growth
Fill in the blank.
Frontal movement occurs from____ to ____
Side to side
An RDL would bring the arms to what anatomical location? (Hint: more than one possibility)
Distal and/or Inferior
Give one example of a segment in the kinetic chain that is responsible for stability
Cervical spine, lumbar spine, knee joints
What are the four joint movements in sagittal plane?
Flexion
Extension
Dorsiflexion
Plantar Flexion
What is the difference between isometric activation and concentric activation?
Isometric Activation: Muscle produces tension/force without changing length (ex: plank)
Concentric Activation: Muscle produces force while shortening (ex: bicep curl, upward phase of a push up after plank)
"Walls in front and back" is one way to visual this plane
Frontal plane
What is the difference between Contralateral and Ipsilateral?
Contralateral: on the opposite side of the body
Ipsilateral: on the same side of the body
Give one example of a segment in the kinetic chain that is responsible for mobility
Thoracic spine, hip joints, ankle joints
A person rocking up on their toes, then back on their heels is using what two joint movements? (Hint: sagittal plane)
Up on the toes: Plantar flexion
Back on the heels: Dorsiflexion
As it relates to the human movement system, the central nervous system is responsible for what?
Coordination of all body parts (Brain and spinal chord)
Correctly identify the planes of motion on the provided diagram
From left to right: Sagittal, Transverse, Frontal
A lateral raise would bring the arm to what anatomical location? (Hint: more than one possibility)
Superior, lateral, Distal
From head to toe, list the 6 links of the kinetic chain in order
Cervical Spine, Thoracic Spine, Lumbar Spine, Hip Joints, Knee Joints, Ankle Joints
What is the difference between flexors and extensors?
Flexors: Bend joints by decreasing the angle between bones
Extensors: Straighten joints by increasing the angles between bones
What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?
Tendons: connective tissues connecting muscle to bone at the insertion point
Ligaments: connective tissues connecting bone to bone