ANCIENT INDIA
What were the two major rivers associated with ancient Indian civilization?
The Indus and Ganges rivers.
What collection of texts is an important source for Hindu beliefs and rituals?
The Vedas.
What was the name of China's first empire?
The Qin Empire.
Which Chinese philosophy emphasizes respect, proper behavior, family relationships, and social harmony?
Confucianism.
Who was Confucius?
A Chinese philosopher whose teachings emphasized proper behavior, education, respect, and social harmony.
What seasonal weather pattern brings heavy rainfall to parts of India?
The monsoon.
What religion did Ashoka adopt to promote peace?
Buddhism.
According to the Mandate of Heaven, who gave Chinese rulers the right to rule?
Heaven.
Which Chinese philosophy emphasizes laws and strict punishments to maintain order?
Legalism.
Who was Ashoka?
A ruler of the Mauryan Empire in ancient India who adopted Buddhism and promoted peace.
Why were rivers important to ancient Indian civilizations?
Rivers provided water for drinking and farming and helped communities grow.
What are the three major Hindu deities traditionally associated with creation, preservation, and destruction or transformation?
What did the Mandate of Heaven suggest about a ruler's right to govern?
A ruler's authority came from Heaven, and losing Heaven's approval could justify replacing that ruler.
Which Chinese philosophy emphasizes living in harmony with the Dao, or the natural way of the universe?
Daosim
Which ruler is associated with the Qin Empire, China's first empire?
Qin Shi Huang.
How can monsoons affect farming in India?
Seasonal rains provide water for crops, but too much or too little rain can damage crops.
What was the caste system in ancient India?
A social system that organized people into hereditary groups associated with different social roles and responsibilities.
What were some (more than one) innovations of Ancient China
Bronze tools, Iron Tools, Jade, Gunpowder, Magnetic Compass, The Silk Road, Jade Jewlery/Carvings, Paper.
The Warring States Period
How did Ashoka's adoption of Buddhism influence his approach to leadership?
He promoted peace and Buddhist principles, including moral conduct and concern for others.
Explain how geography and climate helped shape life in ancient India. Include rivers and monsoons in your answer.
The Indus and Ganges rivers provided water and fertile land for farming. Seasonal monsoon rains supplied water needed for crops, although excessive or insufficient rainfall could create problems.
Explain how the caste system organized society in ancient India. What determined a person's caste, and how did caste influence a person's life?
A person's caste was traditionally determined by birth. The system organized people into social groups associated with different roles and responsibilities and influenced their occupations, status, and social interactions.
How might the Mandate of Heaven encourage a Chinese ruler to govern responsibly?
A ruler could believe that maintaining order and governing well were necessary to keep Heaven's approval and remain in power.
Identify the three major philosophies of ancient China, name their associated thinkers, and explain one main idea of each.
Confucianism — Confucius: Respect, moral behavior, education, and proper relationships.
Daoism — Laozi: Living in harmony with the Dao and the natural world.
Legalism — Han Feizi: Maintaining social order through strict laws and punishments.
Compare Ashoka and Qin Shi Huang. How did their approaches to leadership differ?
Ashoka is associated with promoting peace and Buddhist principles after adopting Buddhism. Qin Shi Huang unified China and established the Qin Empire, using centralized authority and Legalist ideas to strengthen his rule.