Geography
Greek citizens lived in independent these throughout Greece
City-States
A type of government in which people rule themselves is called a what?
Democracy
Who was the God of the heavens and earth?
Which Greek city-state is known for their education and government?
Athens
Euclid was known for focusing on this type of math and advancing it:
Geometry
People got around in Ancient Greece using what geographical feature?
Sea
Which type of people had power in an Oligarchy? Describe what they are like.
Aristocrats; Wealthy/Powerful cared for themselves
Who were Zeus’s two brothers and what were they the Gods of?
Poseidon: God of the sea, Hades: God of the underworld
Which city-state was known for their training in the military?
Sparta
Why are the Olympics considered an achievement?
World wide sporting event that has lasted since the times of Ancient Greece; embraces competition and national pride
Polis stands for what in Greek?
Greek word for city-state
What is a tyrant and how did he get power?
A leader who held power through the use of force or gaining power by illegal means
Aphrodite, Ares, Hephaestus, and Athena were best known as gods and goddesses of what?
Aphrodite: Goddess of love and beauty, Ares: God of War/violence, Hephaestus: God of craftsmen/blacksmiths, and Athena: Goddess of wisdom and knowledge
What was the name of the battle in which Spartan Soldiers held off the forces of Xerxes of Persia? What war was this?
Battle of Thermopylae; Persian War
What type of teaching allowed Greeks to think about the mind and how the world worked such as the Socratic Method and using reasoning?
Philosophy
City-States were separated by what and provide two ways it impacted the Greeks?
Mountains; Created separate cultures within their city-states and had them rely on the sea for trading
What are two of the three differences between the Athenian Direct Democracy and the American/Roman Representative Democracy?
Athenian: all citizens met as a group to debate and vote directly on an issue, no separation of powers (citizens controlled everything), only free male citizens could vote (women, slaves, and foreigners could not)
Representative: Citizens elect representatives to debate and vote on issues for them, separation of powers (citizens could not do everything, men and women who are citizens have the right to vote
What were the two reasons myths were created in Ancient Greece?
To explain why and how things happened in the world around them and for entertainment
What was the Peloponnesian War? Who fought in this war and why did it occur? What was the result?
Peloponnesian War: Fought between Athens and Sparta; After the Persian War: Athens began to gain power and take over land; Sparta defeats them and becomes most powerful city-state in Greece
What were the two most important focuses of Hippocrates?
Focused on finding cures to diseases and how doctors should behave/treat their patients
The fortress that stood on top of a high hill was called what? What was its purpose
Acropolis
Defending the city-state
Who was the elected leader in Greece who encouraged Athenians to spread democracy throughout all of the city-states in Greece?
Pericles
He wrote two of the most famous poems which are still taught in schools today about Heroes:, He is known for writing short stories that teach the reader lessons:, She was known for her emotional poems about relationships:
Name the writer and the type of writing they were known for
Homer, Epics
Aesop, Fables
Sappho, Lyrics
What is a cavalry? Which three leaders used these in battle?
Cavalry: a group of soldiers who ride on horses used by the Persians;
Cyrus the Great, Darius, Xerxes
What were the biggest achievements of the philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?
Socrates: the Socratic Method of asking questions(never stop searching for knowledge), Plato: The Academy where students, philosophers, and scientists discussed ideas, Aristotle: live life in moderation or balance