Groups
earliest Greek civilization that had developed on the island of Crete by 2000 B.C. Sea traders and basis for the Atlantis Myth.
Minoans
A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
Tyranny
Early Greek leader who brought democratic reforms such as his formation of the Council of Four Hundred, outlaws slavery.
Solon
Battle where the Persians who invaded Greece were defeated on the Plain of Marathon by an Athenian army.
Battle of Marathon
2 of the most famous Greek drama writers. Aeschylus is considered the father of playwrights.
Aeschylus and Sophocles
a group of people who settled on the Greek mainland around 2000 B.C.; leading city which could withstand any attack; built walled cities, warrior people.
Mycenaeans
A government ruled by a king or queen
Monarchy
Athenian lawmaker who created first uniform code of laws (circa 7th century BC)
Draco
Battle in which Spartan king Leonidas and his army of 300 Spartans and other Greeks refused to surrender to the numerically superior Persian army at the pass of Thermopylae.
Battle of Thermopylae.
Greek Historian, considered the father of History. Wrote the first history of the Persian War and the Persian Empire.
Herodotus
Invaded Greece and settle on island of Lesbos. Lead to Greek Dark Ages.
Dorians
A government ruled by a few powerful people
Oligarchy
Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon.
Pericles
The last major battle of the Greco-Persian War. Greek city-states unite and defeat Persians.
Battle of Plataea
Writer of "history of the Peloponnesian Wars". Tried to be as impartial as possible, collect as much info as possible, let's facts speak for themselves. Believed facts over bias.
Thucydides
A democratic Greek polis who accomplished many cultural achievements, created democracy, and who were constantly at war with Sparta.
Athens
A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility
Aristocracy
came to power in 359; built a powerful army and turned Macedonia into the chief power of the Greek World until his assassination in 336. He was the father of Alexander the Great.
Phillip II
The war between Athens and Sparta that in which Sparta won, but left Greece as a whole weak and ready to fall to its neighbors to the north.
Peloponnesean War
"Founder of Medicine" During the Golden Age in Greece he was a scientist that believed all diseases came from natural causes. He also had high ideals for physicians & an oath was made that is still used today.
Hipoocrates
Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves known as helots for agriculture.
Sparta
A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens
Democracy
son of Philip II, was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia, and parts of the Indus Valley, goal was to conquer the known. Founded Greek-style cities, and spread Greek culture across the Middle East.
Alexander the Great
Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, ranging from the Ionian Revolt (499-494 B.C.E.) through Darius's expedition that failed at Marathon, Xerxes conquest that ended at Plataea.
Persian Wars
Athenian philosopher (ca. 470-399 B.C.E.) who created Socratic method of philosophical investigation from questions of natural science to ethics and human behavior. Sentenced to death.
Socrates