Government Terms
A form of government in which the country is considered a "public matter" and is not the private concern of the rulers, often with elected leaders.
Republic
A long period of relative peace and stability throughout the Roman Empire, lasting about 200 years starting from the reign of Emperor Augustus.
Pax Romana
The art and science of designing buildings, exemplified in Rome through structures like the Colosseum and aqueducts.
Architecture
A complex human society characterized by the development of cities, social classes, and a written language.
Civilization
The first Roman emperor.
Augustus
A political institution in Ancient Rome composed of the most experienced and wealthy citizens, holding significant power, especially in governance.
Senate
A commoner in ancient Rome, who were generally farmers, laborers, and artisans, with less social and political power than patricians.
Plebeian
An ancient Roman city near Naples, Italy, famously buried under volcanic ash and pumice after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 A.D.
Pompeii
A military unit of the ancient Roman army consisting of about 5,000 soldiers, crucial for expanding and protecting the empire.
Legion
This person rose to power as a general but as his power grew he was assassinated.
Julius Caesar
One of the two elected officials in ancient Rome who jointly ruled for one year, with powers including military command and governing authority.
Consul
A member of the privileged upper class in ancient Rome, typically landowners and influential families.
Patrician
A man-made channel used to transport water from one location to another in ancient Rome, showcasing advanced engineering.
Aqueduct
A public square in ancient Rome used for discussions, commerce, and political gatherings.
Forum
The surviving half of the Roman Empire, Eastern Roman Empire, also called:
The Byzantine Empire
A ruler who has absolute power, often appointed during a crisis in the Roman Republic, but limited to a six-month term.
Dictator
A person trained to fight in arenas as entertainment for the public, often slaves or prisoners of war.
Gladiator
A famous building in Rome, built around 126 AD as a temple for Roman gods. It has a large dome with a light opening called an oculus and is still used as a church today.
Pantheon
A scientist who studies human history and prehistory by excavating sites and analyzing artifacts.
Archaeologist
Ancient legend of two children named ______________ and______________ that founded the Roman Empire.
Romulus and Remus
The right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body, used by consuls in the Roman Republic.
Veto
The process by which non-Roman communities adopted Roman culture, language, and customs, contributing to the spread of Roman influence.
Romanization
Built between 70-80 AD, is a huge arena in Rome that held about 50,000 people. It was used for gladiator fights and animal shows, showcasing Roman engineering.
Colosseum
A sudden and widespread disaster that causes significant damage or suffering.
Catastrophe
TWO barbarian groups that led to the collapse of the Roman Empire (Multiple correct answers)
Angles, Saxons, Franks, Goths, Visigoths, Huns, Vandals, Ostrogoths