Anatomy
What is the most commonly injured ligament with lateral ankle sprains?
ATFL
The talar tilt test assesses what ligament in the ankle?
calcaneofibular
Name of Bone #6?
Talus
Patient complains of plantar foot pain that they notice first thing in the morning, but not worsened with ambulation. Worsened with ankle inversion. Occasional paresthesias in the toes associated. Diagnosis?
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Which nerve is evaluated by recording from the abductor hallucis brevis muscle during motor nerve conduction studies?
Tibial Nerve
What two motions does the tibialis anterior perform?
Dorsiflexion and inversion
What is the name of the sign when there is a clicking sensation when compressing the two metatarsal heads?
Mulder's Sign
29 yo F Basketball player comes in for persistent posterior ankle pain after every practice. Resolves with rest. You perform an XR. What is this specific finding called?
Haglund Deformity
What area of the Achilles tendon is most prone to rupture due to the hypovascularity?
2 to 5 cm proximal to the insertion
A patient has burning pain and paresthesias along the plantar foot, with prolonged medial and lateral plantar sensory latencies. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Name at least two of the four muscles that run in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
Passive extension of the first MTP joint reproduces pain at the heel. What is this testing for? Bonus points if you know the name of this maneuver.
Plantar fasciitis, Windlass Test
34 yo F out on a run, "twists" her right ankle. Imaging of RLE performed. What is the name of this diagnosis?
Maisonneuve Fracture
What is a Chopart Amputation?
Amputation that leaves the talus and calcaneus.
What is an alternative sensory study you can perform in the lower extremities other than the sural nerve?
Superficial Peroneal Nerve
What two structures does the Lisfranc ligament connect?
Second metatarsal head to the first cuneiform
This exam finding seen below indicates dysfunction in what muscle?
Posterior Tibialis Dysfunction
63 yo M, presenting with acutely swollen right ankle. Exquisite tenderness to palpation. Non-febrile. Hx of AUD, recently started on thiazide for HTN. You perform an U/S. Diagnosis?
Gout, double contour sign
What tendon is implicated in "Dancer's Tendonitis?"
Flexor Hallucis Longus
You decide to perform a needle study, including the Tibialis Posterior muscle. If you are too superficial with your trajectory, what muscle could you erroneously be in?
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Where does a solid AFO in dorsiflexion place the ground reaction force?
Posterior to the knee
In the Ottawa Ankle Rule, what is the indication for imaging in ankle sprains?
Pain in the malleolar zone AND inability to bear weight or point tenderness 6cm proximal along the tibia or fibular from the malleolus.
24 yo M reporting L ankle pain insidiously, with no reported trauma. Mother has a history of HLA-B27. You perform an XR and determine the diagnosis. What is the appropriate initial treatment?
NSAIDs, reactive arthritis
What surgical technique can you consider for tibialis anterior spasticity management?
SPLATT procedure (Split Anterior Tibial Tendon Transfer)
During peroneal motor NCS, a larger CMAP is recorded with proximal stimulation than at the ankle. What is the likely diagnosis?
Accessory Peroneal Nerve