Origins & Civilizations
This term describes global communities of African descent shaped by migration, including forced migration.
What is the African diaspora?
This was the forced transatlantic voyage that transported enslaved Africans to the Americas.
What was the Middle Passage?
This 1865 holiday marks when enslaved people in Texas learned of emancipation on June 19.
What is Juneteenth?
This leader helped spark the Montgomery Bus Boycott through her refusal to give up her bus seat.
Who was Rosa Parks?
These religious songs expressed faith, hope, and sometimes coded messages of freedom among enslaved Africans.
What are spirituals?
This Mali Empire leader is remembered for founding a powerful empire and symbolizing unity and leadership.
Who is Sundiata Keita?
This secret network of routes and safe houses helped enslaved people escape to freedom in the United States and Canada.
What was the Underground Railroad?
This 1857 Supreme Court decision denied citizenship to African Americans and reinforced slavery.
What was Dred Scott v. Sandford?
This minister and civil rights leader advocated nonviolent protest and spoke at the 1963 March on Washington.
Who was Martin Luther King Jr.?
This idea holds that people of African descent worldwide should unite for freedom, equality, and self-determination.
What is Pan-Africanism?
This trade network connected West Africa, North Africa, and regions beyond the Sahara.
What is the Trans-Saharan trade?
This 1739 armed uprising took place in South Carolina and led to stricter slave codes.
What was the Stono Rebellion?
This amendment abolished slavery in the United States.
What is the Thirteenth Amendment?
This organizer emphasized grassroots leadership and helped students form SNCC after the Greensboro sit-ins.
Who was Ella Baker?
This campaign linked victory over fascism abroad during World War II with victory over racism at home.
What was the Double V Campaign?
This term means blending different religious or cultural beliefs into new practices.
What is syncretism?
This successful 1791–1804 revolt in Saint-Domingue ended slavery there and created Haiti.
What was the Haitian Revolution?
This formerly enslaved abolitionist used speeches and writings to expose slavery and demand emancipation.
Who was Frederick Douglass?
This leader promoted Pan-Africanism, economic independence, and unity among people of African descent worldwide.
Who was Marcus Garvey?
This movement used literature, music, and art to advance political consciousness and support Black Power ideology.
What was the Black Arts Movement?
These West African storytellers and historians preserved history through oral tradition.
Who are griots/griottes?
This system treated enslaved people as property for life, with status inherited and no legal autonomy.
What was chattel slavery?
This formerly enslaved man served as a U.S. senator during Reconstruction alongside Hiram Revels.
Who was Blanche K. Bruce?
This scholar developed the concept of intersectionality to explain how race, gender, and class overlap.
Who is Kimberlé Crenshaw?
This concept centers African perspectives in history and culture, challenging Eurocentric narratives.
What is Afrocentrism?