Local cell communication in plant cells through the cell walls. Rough ER transports proteins this way...
What is plasmodesmota?
100
Major components of cell membrane...
What are phospholipids and membrane proteins? (cholesterol).
100
The termination phase of cell signaling requires this
What is the removal of the signal molecule for the receptor?
100
This is a chromatid
What is a part of a replicated chromosome held together to it's sister at a centromere?
100
This is the purpose of chi-square analysis...
What is to see if the observed data meets a "goodness of fit" compared to true values?
200
Acetylcholine (neurotransmitter) is used to open this gate.
What is a ligand gate?
200
Takes in glucose and produces ATP in plant cells.
What is mitochondria?
200
Signal transduction begins
What is when the signal molecule (ligand) binds with and CHANGES the receptor protein in some way?
200
These are found to contain resistance genes in bacteria.
What is a plasmid?
200
A cell containing a total of 86 chromatids (at metaphase) of mitosis would, at the END of mitosis but BEFORE cytokinesis, produce 2 nuclei EACH containing how many chromosomes...
What is 43?
300
The signals that bind to receptors of the SAME cell that made them...
What are autocrine signals?
300
Packaging of proteins etc...
What is Golgi body?
300
Endocrine glands that travel to distant cells through the circulatory system are known as
What are hormones?
300
Both members of a homologous pair of chromosomes in a sexually reproducing organism are...
What are identical in size and appearance?
300
60% of all medicines used today influence this structure in the cell membrane.
What are G-proteins?
400
Passages for communication in animal cells...
What are gap junctions?
400
Area of the cell that contain translation factors (enzymes) that code for RNA production,
What is nucleus?
400
A cell must have this, to detect and respond to a signal.
What is a receptor?
400
A bacterial cell gives rise to 2 genetically identical cells by
What is binary fission?
400
These 2 characteristics are how the 2 new daughter cells formed after cytokinesis compare with the G1 phase of the parent cell.
What is they have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA?
500
During transduction this is the second messenger.
Ex. Epinephrine stimulates activation of enzyme glycogen phosphorylase.
What is cyclic AMP (cAMP)?
500
The 2 molecules that make up a chromosome are
What are histone proteins and DNA?
500
G proteins and G-protein linked receptors are thought to have evolved early because
What is they are similar in structure and function in a wide variety of eukaryotes?
500
In cell division this is the shortest part of the cell cycle (when the sister chromatids separate)
What is M phase (mitosis - only 10% of the time)?
500
For the chi-square analysis, the degrees of freedom are equal to