Properties of Water
The characteristic of water molecules that helps them "stick" together well, while oil molecules do not "stick" together well
What is polarity?
The type of bond broken via hydrolysis
What is a covalent bond?
Macromolecules built from simple sugars
What are carbohydrates?
The monomer(s) of lipids
What are glycerol and fatty acids?
The monomer(s) of a protein
What are amino acids?
The charge of a H atom in a molecule of H2O
What is δ+ (a partial positive charge)?
The type of bond that hold strands of DNA next to each other in a double helix
What is a hydrogen bond?
The category of macromolecule into which trehalose falls
What is a carbohydrate?
The process by which monomers unite to form polymers
What is dehydration synthesis?
The types of amino acids usually found at the core of a protein's tertiary structure
What are hydrophobic amino acids?
The process by which water travels up a tube via cohesion between water molecules and adhesion to the walls of the tube
What is capillary action?
The DNA base pair whose bond(s) are least likely to be denatured (broken apart) by heat, acidity, or radiation
What is a cytosine-guanine bond?
Macromolecule(s) that contain sulfur
What are proteins?
The process by which polymers are "sliced" apart, often into constituent monomers
What is hydrolysis?
The functional group that makes each amino acid unique and can form hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds with other amino acids
What is an R group?
The force(s) responsible for a droplet of water sticking to sticking to a leaf, resulting from hydrogen bonds
What are cohesion and adhesion?
The charge of an O atom in a covalent bond with another O atom
What is a neutral charge (not charged)?
Macromolecule(s) that can be made using only C, H, and O
What are carbohydrates and lipids?
The byproduct of dehydration synthesis
What is 1 water molecule (H2O)?
The level(s) of protein structure that would be affected by the substitution of a hydrophobic amino acid for a hydrophilic amino acid in a polypeptide
What are primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, and quaternary structure?
The reason water is polar
The charge of a N atom in a covalent bond with a H atom
What is δ- (a partial negative charge)?
The type of macromolecule whose monomers have a chemical structure that always includes a pentose ring (ribose or deoxyribose)
What is a nucleic acid?
The portion of a DNA or RNA monomer that provides the "code" for protein synthesis
What is a nitrogenous base?
2 types of relatively weak chemical bonds that hold together proteins' secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures
What are hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds?