Constitution
Policy set by the national government that states must follow.
What is a mandate?
This name is given to the powers of Congress listed in the Constitution.
What are enumerated powers?
This president set the norm of a two-term maximum.
Who is George Washington?
Bureaucratic system in which jobs are awarded based on education or performance on competitive tests.
What is the merit system?
The first three words of this foundational document are "We the People...".
What is the Constitution?
This large-state contribution to the Constitutional Convention called for a bicameral legislature.
What is the Virginia Plan?
This concept of federalism views the national and state governments as working together to solve common problems.
What is cooperative federalism?
This clause of the Constitution, found in Article 1, Section 8, "stretches" the power of Congress.
What is the Necessary and proper Clause (or Elastic Clause)?
These powers are claimed by presidents based on the fact that their formal powers are vague.
What are informal powers?
This is the relationship between Congress, the bureaucracy, and interest groups, and is both strong and long-lasting.
What is an Iron Triangle?
What is Federalist 10
This type of federal grant comes with specific rules about how money can be spent.
What is a categorical grant?
Congress passed this resolution in 1973 to take their "war powers" back.
What is the War Powers Act (Resolution)?
So named by Teddy Roosevelt, when a president wants to put pressure on Congress by speaking directly to the public, they can use this.
What is the bully pulpit?
This short-term alliance between interest groups and individual actors is one of the few things that can break an Iron Triangle.
What is an issue network?
In Federalist 70, Alexander Hamilton argues in favor of a strong, single ___________.
What is executive?
Article 5 of the Constitution says this type of majority is needed in both chambers of Congress to pass an amendment proposal.
What is 2/3 majority?
Landmark case that held a national ban on guns in school zones had exceeded Congress' power under the Commerce Clause.
What is U.S. v. Lopez (1995)?
Any member of the House of Representatives can introduce this to move a bill straight to a vote if a majority of members agree.
What is a Discharge Petition?
Passed in 1964, this resolution gave President Johnson nearly unlimited authority to wage war in Southeast Asia.
What is the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?
This is when a street-level bureaucrat decides whether or not a regulation applies in a specific instance.
What is adjudication?
The Articles of Confederation gave the United States this many branches of government.
What is one (1)?
This political philosopher's writings inspired much of the Declaration of Independence.
Who is John Locke?
Landmark case in which SCOTUS held that states cannot tax the federal government, saying that the "power to tax [was] the power to destroy."
What is McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
This parliamentary procedure, which requires 60 votes in favor, can be used to end a filibuster.
What is Cloture?
SCOTUS held in this case that the power of executive privilege cannot be used to cover up criminal activity.
What is US v. Nixon (1974)?
This act of Congress formally ended patronage in the bureaucracy.
What is the Pendleton Act (1883)?
In this part of the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson lists the offenses against natural rights committed by King George III.
What is the Indictment?
These two Founders did not help write the Constitution because they were our country's first ambassadors to The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and France respectively.
Who are John Adams and Thomas Jefferson?
This alternative arrangement of government to the federal system concentrates all governing authority and power in the central government and can include monarchies.
What is a unitary system?
To override a presidential veto, this number of votes are required in the House of Representatives.
What is 290?
This many presidents have been impeached in the House of Representatives.
What is three (3)?
George Washington's cabinet consisted of only four advisors: the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Secretary of War, and ______________.
Who was the Secretary of the Treasury.
The authors of the Federalist papers wrote under this assumed name, taken from the a famous founder of the Roman Republic.
Who is Publius?