Foundations of Government
This concept is the idea that we have laws but it is by the consent of the governed, we agree to follow laws to protect our private property and to keep order
Social Contract
The Guns-Free School Zone Act made it illegal for individuals to knowingly carry a gun in a school zone. This case led to an issue over the constitutionality of this law.
U.S. v. Lopez (1995)
This document was our country's original governing document, but it lacked many powers including the power to regulate currency and generate money from the states
Articles of Confederation
"Congress shall have the power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and exises, to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States"
This excerpt from the Constitution comes from which article?
Federalism is the term for the relationship between ____________and ______________
John Locke and then later Thomas Jefferson spoke of rights that no government should be allowed to take away from a person. These rights are known as ___________
Natural Rights
In one of the court cases we studied, Congress overstretched their power with the Guns Free School Zone Act. Their argument was that it was constitutional based on what clause?
Commerce Clause
The scope of power of the national government was argued between what two groups at the Constitutional Convention
Supremacy Clause
This type of grant gives states broad discretion to spend money how ever they choose
Block grant
Limited Government
McCulloch v. Maryland
The framers of the Constitution intended to create this, a system where we elect representatives to make laws on our behalf
A representative republic
Also known as "elastic clause" this allows Congress to enact implied powers, which are not specifically stated in the Constitution
Necessary and Proper Clause
This type of grant provides federal funding but it is linked with federal oversight and authority. States must use the money for a specific purpose.
Categorical grants
This foundational document was championed by Anti-Federalists who believed that creating a centralized government would pose a major threat to individual rights
Brutus #1
Federalist Paper #51, written by James Madison, stressed the importance of _____________ and ____________________as the overall reason to have three branches of government
Separation of powers and checks and balances
Popular, majority democracy is seen most closely with the way that the U.S. chose to elect this group of people
Members of the House of Representatives
This part of the Constitution shows the process for amending the document such as:
-A proposal from two-thirds or state legislatures OR
-A two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress
Article V (Article 5)
All of these are consequences of a federal system EXCEPT:
-inequality of government services
-decentralization of political conflict
-a strict division of power among levels of government
-opportunities for experimentation in government programs
A strict division of power among levels of government
This principle basically means that government is "by the people" and "for the people"
Popular Sovereignty
What is the overall message of Federalist Paper #10
A large republic is necessary to control the actions of factions
The need to create stronger national government came from issues with a dispute between farmers and the Massachusetts state government. This incident was known as
Shays' Rebellion
Due Process and the Equal Protection Clause are found within this part of the constitution
14th Amendment
Much like the Americans with Disabilities Act, this type of action by the federal government requires states to provide certain services for people but does not send any money to the states to help them carry it out
Unfunded mandate