Vocabulary
These are the protections from unreasonable government interference on individual freedoms
civil liberties
This is the clause that prevents the government from establishing, favoring, or opposing a particular religion
Establishment Clause
This is the term for when the government tries to prevent speech before it happens
prior restraint
This is the Amendment that prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures
Fourth Amendment
The court-created doctrine prevents unconstitutionally obtained evidence from being used in a trial
exclusionary rule
These are the protections guaranteeing equal treatment for groups of people
civil rights
This clause prohibits the government from unreasonably preventing people from practicing their religion
Free Exercise Clause
This standard for allowable dangerous speech emerged from Schenck v. United States
clear and present danger
This is the Amendment that prevents self-incrimination and protects due process
Fifth Amendment
This is the term for actions rather than words that serve as speech
symbolic speech
This is the term for applying certain parts of the Bill of Rights to the states
selective incorporation
This SCOTUS case disallowed prayer inside of public schools
Engel v. Vitale
This is the term for injurious and malicious spoken words
slander
This is the Amendment that guarantees a speedy trial
Sixth Amendment
This is the policy in hiring that gives special consideration to traditionally disadvantaged groups to overcome the present effects of past discrimination
affirmative action
This is the type of review that SCOTUS gives to any distinction made on race
strict scrutiny
This SCOTUS case overturned the firing of a public school football coach who held a prayer on the field after games
Kennedy v. Bremerton School District
This case was the first case in which SCOTUS applied a right from the Bill of Rights to the states
Gitlow v. New York
This is the Amendment that applies the Bill of Rights to the states
Fourteenth Amendment
This exception allows evidence obtained without a warrant to be used in court if it wold have been discovered anyway using established police procedures
This is the term that relates to part of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments and provides unspecified rights, including the right to privacy
substantive due process
This SCOTUS case allowed religious practice to be inhibited if it was because of a "general law of neutral applicability"
Employment Division v. Smith
This is the current standard for allowable dangerous speech
imminent lawless action
This is the Amendment d rights within the Bill of Rights that protects unenumerated rights and has been used to assert a right to privacy
Ninth Amendment
This is the SCOTUS case that prevents certain groups from being systematically excluded from juries
Norris v. Alabama