Group Dynamics
This phenomenon occurs when group discussion leads to a shift in the direction of a more extreme version of the majority's initial opinion, rather than a moderate compromise.
group polarization
This is the unselfish concern for the welfare of others, characterized by performing acts of kindness without any expectation of personal reward or benefit.
Altruism
This persuasion strategy involves getting a person to agree to a large request by first having them comply with a modest, much smaller request.
Foot-in-the-door
In social psychology, this is the process of assigning the cause of an event or behavior to factors outside the individual, such as luck, social pressure, or the difficulty of a task.
external attribution or situational attribution
This common cognitive bias involves taking personal credit for one's successes while blaming outside situational factors for one's failures.
Self-Serving Bias
In contrast to "tight" cultures, societies with these types of norms have weaker social sanctions, a higher tolerance for deviant behavior, and fewer formal rules governing everyday social interactions.
loose norms/cultures
Occupying the pinnacle of Abraham Maslow’s pyramid, this term describes the ultimate psychological need to fulfill one's potential and become the most that one can be.
self-actualization
If someone is attractive, others might assume that they're also funny, smart, and hardworking. This is known as...?
Halo Effect
This cognitive bias describes our tendency to attribute our own actions to situational causes while attributing the exact same behavior in others to their internal dispositions.
Actor-Observer Bias
This hypothesis suggests that skeletal muscle movements in the face can actually influence emotional experience; for example, the act of smiling may actually make you feel happier.
Facial Feedback Hypthesis
This psychological state involves a loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity, often leading to behaviors an individual would never perform alone.
Deindividuation
This physiological theory suggests that a transformation in homeostasis creates a state of tension that motivates an organism to satisfy a physical need, such as hunger or thirst.
Drive-reduction theory
This method of influence occurs when a person is swayed by superficial cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness or a catchy jingle, rather than the actual strength of the arguments.
Peripheral Route of Persuasion
This tendency involves overestimating the influence of internal, personal traits and underestimating the power of situational factors when analyzing the behavior of others.
Fundamental attribution error
1. Unjustifiable, negative attitude towards a group
2. A generalized belief about a group
3. Unjustifiable negative behavior towards a group
Three answers
1. Prejudice 2. Stereotype 3. Discrimination
This type of conformity occurs when an individual looks to the group to provide knowledge about reality, typically in ambiguous or new situations where the person is unsure of the correct behavior.
informational social influence
Coined by Albert Bandura, this term refers to an individual's belief in their innate ability to achieve goals and execute the actions required to manage prospective situations.
Self-Efficacy
Unlike its peripheral counterpart, this method of persuasion requires the audience to have both the motivation and the ability to deeply process the logic and evidence of a message.
Central Route of Persuasion
This dimension of the Five-Factor Model is the strongest predictor of job performance and academic success, characterized by levels of organization, dependability, and self-discipline.
conscientiousness
This Big Five dimension taps into emotional instability, identifying individuals who are more likely to experience anxiety, depression, and vulnerability to stress.
Neuroticism
This phenomenon, famously analyzed by Irving Janis, occurs when the desire for harmony and "concurrence-seeking" in a cohesive in-group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action, often leading to disastrous policy decisions.
Groupthink
This psychological principle suggests that performance increases with physiological or mental arousal, but only up to a point; when levels become too high, performance decreases.
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Mr. Waterworth says people who drink pop don't care about their health. Mr. Waterworth is later seen drinking pop.
Cognitive Dissonance
Proposed by Albert Bandura, this concept describes the interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment - suggesting that we are both the creators and the products of our situations.
reciprocal determinism
Also known as the cross-race effect or own-race bias, this phenomenon describes the tendency to more easily recognize and distinguish between faces of one's own race compared to faces of other races.
Other-Race Effect