Unit 1: Bio
This part of the Nervous System is responsible for the "fight or flight" response during a threat.
What is the Sympathetic Nervous System?
This type of explicit memory involves the recall of general facts and knowledge, such as knowing that a salmon is a fish.
Semantic Memory
This behaviorist is famous for designing a "box" used to study how rewards and punishments influence the behavior of rats and pigeons.
B.F. Skinner
This cognitive bias describes the tendency to notice only the information that matches our existing beliefs.
What is Confirmation Bias?
This disorder is characterized by persistent, irrational fears of specific objects or situations that lead to avoidance behavior.
What is a (Specific) Phobia?
This part of the neuron is responsible for receiving messages from other neurons and sending them toward the cell body.
What are Dendrites?
This memory phenomenon describes when a person's current mood (like sadness) triggers the recall of other memories associated with that same emotion.
Mood-congruent memory
In this reinforcement schedule, a reward is given after a set number of responses, such as a "buy 10, get 1 free" coffee punch card.
What is a Fixed-Ratio schedule?
This phenomenon occurs when individuals in a group exert less effort toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable.
What is Social Loafing?
This type of "good stress" is perceived as a positive challenge and can actually motivate an individual to achieve a goal.
What is Eustress?
Low levels of this neurotransmitter are frequently linked to depression and the regulation of mood, sleep, and appetite.
What is Serotonin?
After a major head injury, Jeff cannot form any new memories but can remember everything before the accident. What is this an example of?
Anterograde Amnesia
This parenting style is characterized by high demands and high communication from parent to child, often resulting in the most well-adjusted children.
What is Authoritative parenting?
This term describes the tendency for people to perform better on simple or well-learned tasks when others are watching.
What is Social Facilitation?
This condition involves alternating periods of extreme "highs" (mania) and deep "lows" (depression).
What is Bipolar Disorder?
Often called the "sensory switchboard," this brain structure relays all sensory information to the cortex, except for smell.
What is the Thalamus?
This type of intelligence refers to our accumulated knowledge, facts, and vocabulary, which typically stays stable or improves as we age.
Crystallized intelligence
This occurs when an unpleasant stimulus is removed to increase a behavior, such as a seatbelt alarm stopping once you buckle up.
What is Negative Reinforcement (Reward)?
This social norm is the expectation that we should return help to those who have helped us.
What is the Reciprocity Norm?
This is a sleep disorder where a person repeatedly stops breathing during the night, often leading to daytime fatigue.
What is Sleep Apnea?
This specific brain area in the left frontal lobe is responsible for expressive speech; damage here results in difficulty speaking clearly.
What is Broca’s Area?
This binocular depth cue relies on the fact that each of our eyes sees a slightly different image, which the brain then compares to judge distance.
Retinal disparity
Vygotsky used this term to describe the gap between what a child can do alone versus what they can do with guided help.
What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?
This represents the pinnacle of Maslow's original pyramid—the drive to reach one's full potential and achieve personal growth.
What is Self-Actualization?
To study how many people's ability to handle stress changes over their entire life, a researcher would most likely use this type of long-term study.
What is a Longitudinal Study?