Organizing Data
This is used to test hypotheses about a population mean when the standard deviation of the population is unknown.
What is 1-Sample T-Test?
This phrase is used to describe an observed effect so large that it would rarely occur by chance if the null were true.
What is statistically significant?
This type of random variable describes the number of successes in a fixed number of trials with constant probability of success.
What is a binomial random variable?
This condition insures that we can treat the effects sampling without replacement as negligible when calculating the standard deviation of sampling distributions.
What is the 10% condition?
Use this test when testing hypotheses about the mean change (after-before) when each subject undergoes the same intervention
What is 1-sample t-Test for paired data or Matched Pairs t-Test?
This is an investigation in which comparisons are made between groups that have self-selected into different behaviors/circumstances?
What is an observational study?
This gives all the possible values of a statistic and their corresponding probabilities.
What is the sampling distribution of a statistic?
This is the critical value times the standard error of the statistic
What is Margin of Error?
These are roughly the percentages of individuals within 1, 2 and 3 standard deviations, respectively, in a normally distributed dataset.
What is the 68-95-99.7 ?
This is used to test hypotheses about the difference in two population proportions
What is the 2-sample z-test for proportions or 2-proportion z-test?
The descriptor for events A and B if P(A union B)= P(A) + P(B)
What is mutually exclusive?
Either of these conditions being satisfied would result in the sampling distribution of the sample mean being approximately normal
What is Normally Distributed population and sample size of at least 30?
This is used to get a set of plausible values for the difference between two population means when their respective standard deviations are unknown.
What is a 2-sample t-Interval?
The 4 basic principles of experimental design.
What are comparison, randomization, control and replication?
When making inferences about a proportion, this is how we check to ensure that the sampling distribution of the sample proportion is approximately normal
What is the Large Counts Condition (at least 10 successes and 10 failures in the sample)?
This calculator command can be used to find the area under a normal distribution on a given interval.
What is normalcdf?
This is a term used to describe a statistic whose sampling distribution has its mean at the actual parameter value.
What is an unbiased estimator?
These are the three steps for using a random number generator to select a simple random sample of n individuals from a population with N individuals.
What is: 1. Assign the individuals in the population unique integers 1-N ; 2. Generate n random integers from 1-N without repeats; 3. Use the individuals who have been assigned the integers that are generated.
The formula to determine the expected value of a discrete random variable given its probability distribution.
What is the sum of the products x * P(x)?
These are the two changes that would make a confidence interval for a population proportion narrower without changing confidence level.
What are larger sample size and sample proportion further away from 0.5?