One Variable Data
What does the mean measure
The average of the data set
What does a scatterplot show?
Relationship between two variables
What is probability?
Chance an event happens
What is a population?
Entire group being studied
What is a parameter?
A number describing a population
What is the difference between median and mean
Median-middle value
Mean-average
What does a positive correlation look like?
Both variables increase together
What does P(A and B) mean?
Both events happen
What is a sample?
A subset of the population
What is a statistic?
A number describing a sample
What does standard deviation measure?
How spread out the data is
What is correlation (r)?
Strength and direction of linear relationship
What is a random variable?
A numerical outcome of a random process
What is bias?
Systematic error in data collection
What does a confidence interval estimate?
A population parameter
When is median better than mean?
When data is skewed or has outliers
Does correlation imply causation?
No
What is expected value?
Long-run average outcome
What is a simple random sample?
Every member has equal chance of selection
What is a p-value?
Probability of getting results as extreme if null is true
What does an outlier do to the mean?
It pulls the mean toward it
What does a residual represent?
Difference between observed and predicted value
What makes events independent?
One does not affect the other
What is a confounding variable?
Variable that affects both explanatory and response variables
What does rejecting the null mean?
Evidence supports the alternative hypothesis