unit 1-2: global tapestry and netwrks of exchange
What was the dominant politcal philosiphy in Song China, supporting the civil service exam?
Confucianism
What was the main technology that allowed land-based empires to expand?
Gunpowder
What movement inspired the revolutions during this time period?
The Enlightenment
What was the major reason Europeans wanted to epand their empires during this time?
To obtain raw materials for industrial factories and create new markets to sell finished goods.
What were proxy wars?
Regional conflicts where superpowers supported opposing sides
What is filial piety?
The confucian concept of respect for parents, elders, and ancestors.
Name the four major "gunpowder empires" of this era.
Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal, and Qing Dynasty.
where did the industrial revolution begin?
Great Britain
What was the primary cause of World War 1?
Intense nationalism, imperialism, militarism, the assasination of arch duke ferdinand, and complex alliance systems
what was the Non-Alligned Movement?
Nations that did not want to take sides in the cold war
What was a major city hub for the gold-salt trade in Mali?
Timbuktu
What was a major religious difference between the Ottoman and Safavid Empires?
Ottomans were Sunni Muslims, while Safavids were Shia Muslims.
Which political ideology advocated for the end of private property and a classless society?
Communism
What was a major effect of the Great Depression?
High unemployment, economic instability, and the rise of totalitarian dictators who promised stability.
What was the Green Revolution?
Advances in agricultural technology that increased food production.
Name 2 technologies that facilitated trade in the Indian Ocean.
The magnetic compass and the lateen sail.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
The massive exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people between the Old world and the New world.
What economic system replaced mercantilism during this period?
Capitalism
What was the Cold war?
A period of ideological tension and competition for global influence between the United States and the Soviet Union.
examples of economic globalization.
What was the "Pax Mongolica"?
A period of peace and stability under Mongol rule that enabled trade to flourish across Eurasia.
What was the main cause of the massive population decline among indigenous americans?
European diseases
What was a major social result of industrialization for workers?
Poor working conditions, urbanization, anf the rise of labor unions.
What is a "third world" country?
a term used to describe the developing nations, often newly decolonized, that were not alligned with euther the US or the USSR during the cold war.
What is a major challenge to the global enviroment?
Climate change, pollution, and the spread of diseases.