Fundamentals & General Principles
Define the term biology.
1) A) Biology is the study of rocks and minerals.
B) Biology is the study of matter and energy.
C) Biology is the study of human behavior.
D) Biology is the study of life.
E) Biology is the study of human culture.
D) Biology is the study of life.
Adhesions of abdominopelvic organs due to friction occur when ________ is/are damaged.
A) muscle
B) mucous membranes
C) synovial membranes
D) serous membranes
E) nerve cells
D) serous membranes
Unlike cartilage, bone
A) has an outer covering.
B) is highly vascular.
C) is a connective tissue.
D) has cells within lacunae.
E) has a matrix that contains collagen
B) is highly vascular.
Which organelle is visible under light microscope?
A) ribosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) lysosome
D) mitochondrion
E) nucleus
E) nucleus
Which of the four tissue membranes is relatively waterproof and usually dry?
A) serous
B) synovial
C) mucous
D) cutaneous
D) cutaneous
What is the relative percentage of body weight from each of the four tissue types?
A) epithelial 2%, connective 45%, muscle 50%, and nervous 3%
B) epithelial 45%, connective 50%, muscle 2%, and nervous 3%
C) epithelial 3%, connective 45%, muscle 50%, and nervous 2%
D) epithelial 50%, connective 45%, muscle 3%, and nervous 2%
E) epithelial 3%, connective 2%, muscle 50%, and nervous 45%
C) epithelial 3%, connective 45%, muscle 50%, and nervous 2%
Identify the two processes in the response to tissue injury.
A) chemotaxis and vasoconstriction
B) coagulation and agglutination
C) inflammation and regeneration
D) detoxification and destruction
E) fibrosis and scarring
C) inflammation and regeneration
What term means the fibrous supporting network formed of reticular fibers?
A) stroma
B) adipose
C) septum
D) lobule
E) ground substance
A) stroma
Which of the labels in Figure 4-1 is very abundant in cardiac muscle?
A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e
D) d - gap junctions
Endocrine glands empty their products into ________ and are referred to as ________ glands, while exocrine gland secretions empty into ________ or onto surfaces.
A) interstitial fluid; ductless; ducts
B) ducts; ducted; interstitial fluid
C) cells; cellular; interstitial fluid
D) interstitial fluid; ducted; interstitial fluid
E) interstitial fluid; ducted; cells
A) interstitial fluid; ductless; ducts
In which of the following are the four tissue types arranged correctly from the highest to lowest percentage of body weight?
A) muscle, connective, epithelial, nervous
B) connective, muscle, epithelial, nervous
C) muscle, connective, nervous, epithelial
D) nervous, epithelial, muscle, connective
E) connective, nervous, epithelial, muscle
A) muscle, connective, epithelial, nervous
What properties are common to keratinized epithelia?
A) Keratinized epithelia secrete both serous fluid and mucus fluid.
B) Keratinized epithelia are found in both the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
C) Keratinized epithelia are both tough and water-resistant.
D) Keratinized epithelia are excellent for both diffusion and protection.
E) Keratinized epithelia are found both internally in the body and externally
C) Keratinized epithelia are both tough and water-resistant.
Which of the following refers to the dense connective tissue that surrounds a muscle and blends with the tendon?
A) hypodermis
B) superficial fascia
C) deep fascia
D) subserous fascia
E) subcutaneous layer
C) deep fascia
Two classes of macrophages include
A) microphages and adipocytes.
B) neutrophils and eosinophils.
C) fixed macrophages and free macrophages.
D) mesenchymal cells and melanocytes.
E) mast cells and basophils
C) fixed macrophages and free macrophages.
Cells that are specialized for secretion
A) are usually stratified.
B) are usually squamous.
C) have a small nucleus.
D) exhibit polarity.
E) are found only in the digestive system.
D) exhibit polarity.
Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels, and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ. This tissue is probably
A) muscle tissue.
B) connective tissue.
C) fat tissue.
D) epithelium.
E) neural tissue
D) epithelium.
Antibodies are produced by
A) fibroblasts.
B) mast cells.
C) microphages.
D) macrophages.
E) plasma cells
E) plasma cells
Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to
A) fat.
B) blood.
C) neural tissue.
D) epithelium.
E) bone
E) bone
Which type of muscle tissue regulates blood vessel diameter?
A) cardiac muscle tissue
B) skeletal muscle tissue
C) smooth muscle tissue
C) smooth muscle tissue
Which type of glands secrete their products by exocytosis?
A) endocrine
B) merocrine
C) holocrine
D) apocrine
E) serous
B) merocrine
Which type of tissue covers exposed surfaces of the body?
A) epithelial
B) connective
C) neural
D) supportive
E) muscle
A) epithelial
Of the following tissues, which has the least ability to regenerate after injury?
A) stratified squamous epithelium
B) adipose
C) bone
D) skeletal muscle
E) smooth muscle
D) skeletal muscle
In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces, which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant?
A) tight junctions
B) desmosomes
C) basolateral junctions
D) gap junctions
E) hemidesmosomes
B) desmosomes
Which type of tissue conducts electrical impulses?
A) glandular
B) muscle
C) neural
D) epithelial
E) connective
C) neural
The body's most delicate type of epithelium is the ________ epithelium
A) simple columnar
B) simple squamous
C) stratified squamous
D) simple cuboidal
E) pseudostratified columnar
B) simple squamous