Definitions
Most atoms strive to attain 8 valence electrons
What is the octet rule?
OH-
What is a hydroxide ion?
Potassium Hydroxide
What is KOH?
Tastes bitter, slippery to touch
What is a base?
Give the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs between nitric acid(HNO3) and magnesium hydroxide.
What is 2HNO3 + Mg(OH)2 -> Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O?
Adding water to a solution in order to decrease the concentration
What is dilution?
Ammonium
What is NH4+?
Na2CO3
What is sodium carbonate?
Tastes sour, conducts electricity in water
What is an acid?
Given that NH3 is a base, determine the reaction that occurs between H2CO3 and NH3 and give the balanced chemical equation.
What is H2CO3 + 2NH3 -> 2NH4+ + CO32-?
Purely Covalent bond
What is a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally between the atoms involved?
NO2-
What is nitrite?
Aluminum Phosphate
What is AlPO4?
Ionization potential and Electronegativity
What periodic properties increase from left to right and decrease from top to bottom?
A chemist needs to make 500.00 mL of a 5.0 M solution of sulfuric acid. She finds a bottle of 10.00 M sulfuric acid. How can the desired solution be made?
You must add (250 mL) 2.5 x 102 mL of 10.00 M solution to 250.00 mL of water.
Polar Covalent bond
What is a covalent molecule in which electrons are shared unequally between the atoms involved?
Cr2O72-
What is dichromate?
Calcium Nitrate
What is Ca(NO3)2?
Atomic radius
What periodic property increases from top to bottom of the periodic table?
A chemist reacts 10.0 mL of 4.0 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with excess sodium hydroxide. How many grams of sodium sulfate will be produced?
5.7 grams of Na2SO4 (sodium sulfate)?
Molarity
What is a concentration unit that tells the # of moles of a substance per liter of solution?
Acetate
What is C2H3O2-?
Tin (IV) Chloride
What is SnCl4?
Blue to red
What acids do to litmus paper?
To find out the concentration of some Mg(OH)2, a chemist titrates a 100.0 mL sample of the solution with 25.0 mL of a 5.0 M HNO3 to reach the titration endpoint, what is the concentration of the Mg(OH)2?
.63 M Mg(OH)2