Module 1
History of Science
History of Science
The idea that living organisms can be spontaneously formed from non-living substances.
What is Spontaneous Generation?
An example that contradicts a conclusion.
What is Counter Example?
An aspect of an experiment that changes during the course of the experiment.
What is a variable?
What are the ancient Egyptians best known for? Science, applied science, or technology?
They were known for technology.
Studying rocks to learn the history of the earth.
What is Geology?
The scientist whose greatest contribution was his work on how traits are passed on during reproduction. Genetics.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question.
What is a Hypothesis?
The part of the experiment to which all others will be compared.
What is the control of an experiment?
If you are having trouble getting a screw into a board, should use a longer or fatter one?
Use a fatter one, as it is the circumference that matters to calculate the mechanical advantage.
Experiments in which neither the participants nor the people analyzing the results know who is in the control group.
What are double blind experiments?
Championed the heliocentric system, which is the best description of how the planets and sun are arranged.
Who is Copernicus?
A scientist makes some observations and forms an idea that explains those observations. He then does some experiments to test his idea, and all the experiments support the idea.
What is a theory?
Experiments in which the participants do not know whether or not they are a part of the control group.
What is a blind experiment?
In a first class lever, the fulcrum is 10 inches from the resistance and 100 inches from the effort. What is the mechanical advantage?
100/10 = 10
Examines all life that once existed on the planet through preserved remains.
What is Paleontology?
People who want to turn lead (or other inexpensive items) into gold (or other valuable items).
Alchemists
Can Science be used to prove that a given idea is correct?
No, science cannot prove anything.
In an experiment .... when the data you gather is not affected by a person's opinion.
What objective data?
Suppose you used a block and tackle system with four pulleys that work together. What is the mechanical advantage?
In a block and tackle, the mechanical advantage is the number of pulleys.
The amount by which force or motion is magnified in a simple machine.
What is the Mechanical Advantage?
Laid down the laws of motion, developed a universal law of gravity, invented calculus, wrote many commentaries on the Bible, showed white light is really composed of many different colors of light, and ame up with a completely different design for telescopes.
Who is Isaac Newton?
A bowling ball and piece of paper are anchored to the top of a tall chamber that has no air in it. At the same instant, they are both released so they start to fall. Which hits the bottom of the chamber first?
Neither will hit the bottom of the chamber first, as all things fall at the same rate in the absence of air.
In an experiment . . . when the data you gather depends on someone's opinion.
What is subjective data?
A device that multiplies or redirects a force.
What is a simple machine?
What are the 3 tests used to determine whether or not a document is valid and authentic?
1. Internal test 2. External test 3. Bibliographic Test