People + Laws
Daniel Shays
Popular term for the measure that reconciled the New Jersey and Virginia Plans at the constitutional convention, giving states proportional representation in the house and equal representation in the state. Broke the stalemate at the convention and paved the way for subsequent compromises over slavery and the electoral college.
Great Compromise
a political system or condition in which a large, angry, or disorderly crowd controls public affairs and government, acting through intimidation, brute force, and lawlessness rather than legal processes or constitutional rights
Mobocracy
Peace, order, and calm within a country's own borders, specifically referring to the absence of riots, insurrections, and civil unrest.
Domestic Tranquility
Willingness on the part of the citizen to sacrifice personal self-interest for the public good. Deemed a necessary component of a successful republic
Civic Virtue
Body of written laws that enacted through legislative statutes or constitutional provisions. In countries where this prevails, judges must apply the statutes precisely as written.
Civil Law
Determined that each slave would be counted as three-fifths of a person for the purpose of abortioning taxes and representation. The compromise granted disproportionate political power to southern slave states.
Three-Fifths Compromise
"Large State" proposal for the new constitution calling for proportional representation in both houses of a bicameral Congress. The plan favored larger states and thus prompted smaller states to come back with their own plan for apportioning representation.
Virginia Plan
I couldn't think of anything
Exclusive Hereditary organization of former officers in the continental army.
Society of the Cincinatti
Laws that originate from court rulings and customs, as opposed to legislative statutes. The US Constitution grew out of the Anglo-American tradition of this and thus-provided only a general organizational framework for the new federal gov.
Common Law
First American Constitution that established the US as a loose confederation of states under a weak national Congress, which was not granted the power to regulate commerce or collect taxes. Replaced by a more efficient constitution in 1789
Articles of Confederation
To separate an official state church from its connection with the government. Following the Revolution, all states did this from the Anglican Church, though some New England states maintained established congregational churches well into the nineteenth century.
Disestablish
A legal procedure that allows any person detained by the government to challenge the legality of their imprisonment or confinement in court.
Habeus Corpus
What was ironic about the Society of the Cincinnati?
It was made up of Continental Army officers who fought against the things they are arguing in favor for (pre revolution traditions).
American Revolutionary and champion of States' rights, this person became a prominent anti-federalist during the ratification debate, opposing what he saw as despotic tendencies in the new national constitution.
Patrick Henry
Provided for the sale of land in the Old Northwest and ear marked the proceeds toward repaying the national debt
Land Ordinance of 1785
"small state plan" put forth at the Philadelphia convention, proposing equal representation by state, regardless of population, in a unicameral legislature. Small states feared that the more populous states would dominate the agenda under a proportional system.
New Jersey Plan
What was written in The Federalist?
All the arguments from Federalists in favor for a New Constitution.
The idea from rich eastern people that stated if poor people got more rights, rich people would lose rights.
Radical Leveling
Ideal of family organization and female behavior after the American Revolution that stressed the role of women in guiding family members towards republic virtue
Republican Motherhood
Created a policy for administering the land bought in the Land Ordinance of 1785. It included a path to statehood and forbade the expansion of slavery into the territories.
Northwest Ordinance
Measure enacted by the Virginia Legislature prohibiting State support for religious institutions and recognizing freedom of worship. Served as a model for the religion clause of the First Amendment to the Constitution.
What was given to the Federal Government in Old Northwest?
BONUS: What precedent was established through the land and northwest ordinances?
Land Northwest of the Ohio River, east of the Mississippi River, and South of the Great Lakes.
Handling future land acquisitions
List the 3 writers of The Federalist
John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton