Westward Expansion
What phrase described the belief that the U.S. was meant to expand across the continent?
Manifest Destiny
What 1820 compromise temporarily balanced slave and free states?
Missouri Compromise
Who was the president of the Union during the Civil War?
Abraham Lincoln
What period after the Civil War focused on rebuilding the South?
Reconstuction
What new political party formed in the 1850s opposing slavery’s expansion?
Republican Party
What 1845 annexation added a former independent republic to the U.S.?
Texas Annexation
What 1854 law allowed popular sovereignty in two states?
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Who commanded the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia?
Robert E. Lee
What was the 13th Amendment?
Abolished slavery
Who became the first Republican president in 1860?
Abraham Lincoln
What war from 1846–1848 gave the U.S. land including California and New Mexico?
Mexican-American War
What violent conflict in Kansas became known as a preview of the Civil War?
Bleeding Kansas
What 1863 battle is considered the turning point of the war?
Battle of Gettysburg
What was the 14th Amendment?
Granted citizenship to formerly enslaved people
What wartime proclamation declared enslaved people in rebelling states free?
Emancipation Proclamation
What treaty ended the Mexican-American War?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
What 1857 Supreme Court case ruled that enslaved people were not citizens?
Dred Scott v. Sandford
What Union general accepted Lee’s surrender in 1865?
Ulysses S. Grant
What was the 15th Ammendment?
protected Black male suffrage/prohibits racial voting discrimination
What law gave free western land to settlers in 1862?
Homestead Act
What 1853 land purchase from Mexico completed the present-day lower 48 states?
Gadsden Purchase
What 1860 event directly triggered Southern secession?
Election of Abraham Lincoln
At what Virginia courthouse did Lee surrender?
Appomattox Court House
These measures placed former Confederate states under temporary federal military control until they met requirements for readmission to the Union. What were they called?
Reconstruction Acts of 1867
What Supreme Court case in 1869 ruled states could not legally secede?
Texas v. White